Kaplan-Meier survival and melanization curves for Galleria mellonella larvae infected with Leishmania tropica and treated with miltefosine (ML) or moxidectin (MOX). Statistical comparisons were performed using the log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test. Chi-square (χ²) values reflect the magnitude of divergence between groups over time. Groups with different letters are significantly different. For mortality: PIL (b) (χ² = 14.773); PIL + ML (a) (χ² = 2.073); PIL + MOX (a) (χ² = 0.335). For melanization: PIL (b) (χ² = 16.591); PIL + ML (a) (χ² = 3.051), PIL + MOX (a) (χ² = 0.114). Significant differences were observed between PIL and treated groups (p < 0.05), while no significant differences were detected between treated and control groups (p > 0.05).