Open Access
Review

Table 1

Animal experimental models, advantages and drawbacks.

Way of infection Parasite stage Similarity to human infection2 Source of inoculum Quantification of inoculum Handling ease Example
Gavage Egg Way of infection, location dH Yes Medium (Laboratory NSB3) [134]
Intraperitoneal inoculation1 Metacestode Parasite stage iH No High [121]
Hepatic inoculation2 Metacestode Parasite stage, location iH No Low (surgery) [122]
Protoscolex Location iH Yes Low (surgery) [120, 133]

Note: dH, definitive host; iH intermediate host.

1

Or subcutaneous.

2

Intraportal, intrahepatic, or subcapsular.

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