EDP Sciences logo
Submit your paper
Search
Menu
All issues Volume 33 (2026) Parasite, 33 (2026) 16 References
Open Access
Review
Issue
Parasite
Volume 33, 2026
Article Number 16
Number of page(s) 17
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2026011
Published online 01 April 2026
  1. Ahn C-S, Kim J-G, Kang I, Kong Y. 2021. Omega-Class glutathione transferases of carcinogenic liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis, modulate apoptosis and differentiation of host cholangiocytes. Antioxidants, 10, 1017. [Google Scholar]
  2. Andresen K, Boberg KM, Vedeld HM, Honne H, Jebsen P, Hektoen M, Wadsworth CA, Clausen OP, Lundin KEA, Paulsen V, Foss A, Mathisen Ø, Aabakken L, Schrumpf E, Lothe RA, Lind GE. 2015. Four DNA methylation biomarkers in biliary brush samples accurately identify the presence of cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology, 61, 1651–1659. [Google Scholar]
  3. Angsuwatcharakon P, Kulpatcharapong S, Moon JH, Ramchandani M, Lau J, Isayama H, Seo DW, Maydeo A, Wang H-P, Nakai Y, Ratanachu-Ek T, Bapaye A, Hu B, Devereaux B, Ponnudurai R, Khor C, Kongkam P, Pausawasdi N, Ridtitid W, Piyachaturawat P, Khanh PC, Dy F, Rerknimitr R. 2022. Consensus guidelines on the role of cholangioscopy to diagnose indeterminate biliary stricture. HPB, 24, 17–29. [Google Scholar]
  4. Bai Y, Tong W, Xie F, Zhu L, Wu H, Shi R, Wang L, Yang L, Liu Z, Miao F, Zhao Q, Zhang Y. 2021. DNA methylation biomarkers for diagnosis of primary liver cancer and distinguishing hepatocellular carcinoma from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Aging, 13, 17592–17606. [Google Scholar]
  5. Bao F, Liu J, Chen H, Miao L, Xu Z, Zhang G. 2022. Diagnosis biomarkers of cholangiocarcinoma in human bile: An evidence-based study. Cancers, 14, 3921. [Google Scholar]
  6. Braicu C, Burz C, Berindan-Neagoe I, Balacescu O, Tantau M, Cristea V, Irimie A. 2009. Molecular markers in the pathogenesis of cholangiocarcinoma: Potential for early detection and selection of appropriate treatment. Gastroenterology Research, 2, 132–140. [Google Scholar]
  7. Cadamuro M, Al-Taee A, Gonda TA. 2023. Advanced endoscopy meets molecular diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Journal of Hepatology, 78, 1063–1072. [Google Scholar]
  8. Capuozzo M, Santorsola M, Ferrara F, Cinque C, Farace S, Patrone R, Granata V, Zovi A, Nasti G, Ottaiano A. 2024. Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma biomarkers: Towards early detection and personalized pharmacological treatments. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 73, 101951. [Google Scholar]
  9. Chai J-Y.. 2013. Praziquantel treatment in trematode and cestode infections: an update. Infection & Chemotherapy, 45, 32–43. [Google Scholar]
  10. Chaiyadet S, Ittiprasert W, Smout MJ, Khowawisetsut L, Ruangsuwast A, Brindley PJ, Loukas A, Laha T. 2025. Gene editing of a carcinogenic liver fluke tetraspanin impairs parasite surface biogenesis and extracellular vesicle uptake by human host cells. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 233, e510–e520. [Google Scholar]
  11. Chen W, Ning D, Wang X, Chen T, Lv X, Sun J, Wu D, Huang Y, Xu J, Yu X. 2015. Identification and characterization of Clonorchis sinensis cathepsin B proteases in the pathogenesis of clonorchiasis. Parasites & Vectors, 8, 647. [Google Scholar]
  12. Chen Y-D, Li H-Z, Xu L-Q, Qian M-B, Tian H-C, Fang Y-Y, Zhou C-H, Ji Z, Feng Z-J, Tang M, Li Q, Wang Y, Bergquist R, Zhou X-N. Effectiveness of a community-based integrated strategy to control soil-transmitted helminthiasis and clonorchiasis in the People’s Republic of China. Acta Tropica (2021) 214, 105650. [Google Scholar]
  13. Cho PY, Lee J-Y, Kim TI, Song J-H, Hong S-J, Yoo WG, Tsuboi T, Ha K-S, Jung J-W, Takeo S, Han E-T, Sripa B, Hong S-T, Chai J-Y, Nam H-W, Pak JH, Kim T-S. 2020. Serodiagnostic antigens of Clonorchis sinensis identified and evaluated by high-throughput proteogenomics. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14, e0008998. [Google Scholar]
  14. Chu Y, Shi D, Wang N, Ren L, Liu N, Hu F, Meng W, Hong S-J, Bai X. 2023. Clonorchis sinensis legumain promotes migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells via regulating tumor-related molecules. Parasites & Vectors, 16, 71. [Google Scholar]
  15. Correa-Gallego C, Maddalo D, Doussot A, Kemeny N, Kingham TP, Allen PJ, D’Angelica MI, DeMatteo RP, Betel D, Klimstra D, Jarnagin WR, Ventura A. 2016. Circulating plasma levels of microRNA-21 and microRNA-221 are potential diagnostic markers for primary intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. PloS One, 11, e0163699. [Google Scholar]
  16. Daorueang D, Thuwajit P, Roitrakul S, Laha T, Kaewkes S, Endo Y, Thuwajit C. 2012. Secreted Opisthorchis viverrini glutathione S-transferase regulates cell proliferation through AKT and ERK pathways in cholangiocarcinoma. Parasitology International, 61, 155–161. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Ding S-M, Lu A-L, Xu B-Q, Shi S-H, Edoo MIA, Zheng S-S, Li Q-Y. 2021. Accuracy of brush cytology in biliopancreatic strictures: A single-center cohort study. Journal of International Medical Research, 49, 300060520987771. [Google Scholar]
  18. Gootenberg JS, Abudayyeh OO, Lee JW, Essletzbichler P, Dy AJ, Joung J, Verdine V, Donghia N, Daringer NM, Freije CA, Myhrvold C, Bhattacharyya RP, Livny J, Regev A, Koonin EV, Hung DT, Sabeti PC, Collins JJ, Zhang F. 2017. Nucleic acid detection with CRISPR-Cas13a/C2c2. Science, 356, 438–442. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. He Q, Pan X, Yin Y, Xu A, Yi X, Wu Y, Li X. 2023. Clonorchis sinensis granulin promotes malignant transformation of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells through interaction with M2 macrophages via regulation of STAT3 phosphorylation and the MEK/ERK pathway. Parasites & Vectors, 16, 139. [Google Scholar]
  20. He Y-T, Huang X-H, Fang Y-Y, Zeng Q-S, Li L-D, Luo L, Lai Y-S. 2022. Cost-effectiveness evaluation of different control strategies for Clonorchis sinensis infection in a high endemic area of China: A modelling study. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 16, e0010429. [Google Scholar]
  21. Hong ST, Yoon K, Lee M, Seo M, Choi MH, Sim JS, Choi BI, Yun CK, Lee SH. 1998. Control of clonorchiasis by repeated praziquantel treatment and low diagnostic efficacy of sonography. Korean Journal of Parasitology, 36, 249–254. [Google Scholar]
  22. Huang X-H, Qian M-B, Zhu G-H, Fang Y-Y, Hao Y-T, Lai Y-S. 2020. Assessment of control strategies against Clonorchis sinensis infection based on a multi-group dynamic transmission model. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 14, e0008152. [Google Scholar]
  23. Huang Y, Chen W, Wang X, Liu H, Chen Y, Guo L, Luo F, Sun J, Mao Q, Liang P, Xie Z, Zhou C, Tian Y, Lv X, Huang L, Zhou J, Hu Y, Li R, Zhang F, Lei H, Li W, Hu X, Liang C, Xu J, Li X, Yu X. 2013. The carcinogenic liver fluke, Clonorchis sinensis: new assembly, reannotation and analysis of the genome and characterization of tissue transcriptomes. PloS One, 8, e54732. [Google Scholar]
  24. Huang Y, Huang D, Geng Y, Fang S, Yang F, Wu C, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhang R, Wang X, Wu S, Cao J, Zhang R. 2017. An integrated control strategy takes Clonorchis sinensis under control in an endemic area in south China. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 17, 791–798. [Google Scholar]
  25. IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. 2012. Biological agents. Lyon: International Agency for Research on Cancer. [Google Scholar]
  26. Jeong JH, Yi J, Hwang MK, Hong S-J, Sohn W-M, Kim T-S, Pak JH. 2021. The overactivation of NADPH oxidase during Clonorchis sinensis infection and the exposure to N-Nitroso compounds promote periductal fibrosis. Antioxidants, 10, 869. [Google Scholar]
  27. Kawase H, Fujii K, Miyamoto M, Kubota KC, Hirano S, Kondo S, Inagaki F. 2009. Differential LC-MS-based proteomics of surgical human cholangiocarcinoma tissues. Journal of Proteome Research, 8, 4092–4103. [Google Scholar]
  28. Kim E-M, Hong S-T. 2025. Clonorchis sinensis and cholangiocarcinoma. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 40, e145. [Google Scholar]
  29. Kim J-G, Ahn C-S, Sripa B, Eom KS, Kang I, Sohn W-M, Nawa Y, Kong Y. 2019. Clonorchis sinensis omega-class glutathione transferases are reliable biomarkers for serodiagnosis of clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 25, 109.e1–109.e6. [Google Scholar]
  30. Kim M-J, Yoo HM, Lee YJ, Jang HH, Shim SC, Won EJ, Kim T-J. 2025. Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory proteins ameliorate inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Parasites & Vectors, 18, 85. [Google Scholar]
  31. Kim T-S, Pak JH, Kim J-B, Bahk YY. 2016. Clonorchis sinensis, an oriental liver fluke, as a human biological agent of cholangiocarcinoma: A brief review. BMB Reports, 49, 590–597. [Google Scholar]
  32. Kinkar L, Korhonen PK, Saarma U, Wang T, Zhu X-Q, Harliwong I, Yang B, Fink JL, Wang D, Chang BCH, Chelomina GN, Koehler AV, Young ND, Gasser RB. 2023. Genome-wide exploration reveals distinctive northern and southern variants of Clonorchis sinensis in the Far East. Molecular Ecology Resources, 23, 833–843. [Google Scholar]
  33. Koda S, Zhu X-Q, Zheng K-Y, Yan C. 2021. Molecular mechanisms of Clonorchis sinensis-Host interactions and implications for vaccine development. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 9, 781768. [Google Scholar]
  34. Le TH, Nguyen NTB, Truong NH, De NV. 2012. Development of mitochondrial loop-mediated isothermal amplification for detection of the small liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (Opisthorchiidae; Trematoda; Platyhelminthes). Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 50, 1178–1184. [Google Scholar]
  35. Lee J-S, Kim IS, Sohn W-M, Lee J, Yong T-S. 2006. Vaccination with DNA encoding cysteine proteinase confers protective immune response to rats infected with Clonorchis sinensis. Vaccine, 24, 2358–2366. [Google Scholar]
  36. Lee SJ, Lee YS, Lee MG, Lee SH, Shin E, Hwang J-H. 2014. Triple-tissue sampling during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography increases the overall diagnostic sensitivity for cholangiocarcinoma. Gut and Liver, 8, 669–673. [Google Scholar]
  37. Li Y-C, Li K-S, Liu Z-L, Tang Y-C, Hu X-Q, Li X-Y, Shi A, Zhao L-M, Shu L-Z, Lian S, Yan Z, Huang S-H, Sheng G-L, Song Y, Liu Y-J, Huan F, Zhang M-H, Zhang Z-L. 2022. Research progress of bile biomarkers and their immunoregulatory role in biliary tract cancers. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, 1049812. [Google Scholar]
  38. Liu C-H, Huang Q, Jin Z-Y, Xie F, Zhu C-L, Liu Z, Wang C. 2018. Circulating microRNA-21 as a prognostic, biological marker in cholangiocarcinoma. Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics, 14, 220–225. [Google Scholar]
  39. Liu F, Mao H, Chai S, Mao H. 2021. Meta-analysis of the diagnostic value of exosomal miR-21 as a biomarker for the prediction of cancer. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 35, e23956. [Google Scholar]
  40. Ma X, Zhang H, Fang Y, Wang J, Wang X, Li C, Liu X, Liu M, Tang B, Liu Y. 2024. A point-of-care testing assay for clonorchiasis using a EuNPs-CsTR1 fluorescent probe-based immunoassay. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 18, e0012107. [Google Scholar]
  41. Macias RIR, Kornek M, Rodrigues PM, Paiva NA, Castro RE, Urban S, Pereira SP, Cadamuro M, Rupp C, Loosen SH, Luedde T, Banales JM. 2019. Diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cholangiocarcinoma. Liver International, 39(Suppl 1), 108–122. [Google Scholar]
  42. Matchimakul P, Rinaldi G, Suttiprapa S, Mann VH, Popratiloff A, Laha T, Pimenta RN, Cochran CJ, Kaewkes S, Sripa B, Brindley PJ. 2015. Apoptosis of cholangiocytes modulated by thioredoxin of carcinogenic liver fluke. International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 65, 72–80. [Google Scholar]
  43. Mauro A, Mazza S, Scalvini D, Lusetti F, Bardone M, Quaretti P, Cobianchi L, Anderloni A. 2023. The role of cholangioscopy in biliary diseases. Diagnostics, 13, 2933. [Google Scholar]
  44. Metcalf GAD. 2024. MicroRNAs: circulating biomarkers for the early detection of imperceptible cancers via biosensor and machine-learning advances. Oncogene, 43, 2135–2142. [Google Scholar]
  45. Min H, Cho H-S, Lee H-S, Park Y-T, Lee H-J, Park H-S. 2024. Oral Bacillus subtilis spores-based vaccine for mass vaccination against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome. Scientific Reports, 14, 27742. [Google Scholar]
  46. Nanda A, Brown JM, Berger SH, Lewis MM, Barr Fritcher EG, Gores GJ, Keilin SA, Woods KE, Cai Q, Willingham FF. 2015. Triple modality testing by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for the diagnosis of cholangiocarcinoma. Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology, 8, 56–65. [Google Scholar]
  47. Navaneethan U, Njei B, Lourdusamy V, Konjeti R, Vargo JJ, Parsi MA. 2015. Comparative effectiveness of biliary brush cytology and intraductal biopsy for detection of malignant biliary strictures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 81, 168–176. [Google Scholar]
  48. Pak JH, Bashir Q, Kim IK, Hong S-J, Maeng S, Bahk YY, Kim T-S. 2017. Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products promote the migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells by activating the integrin β4-FAK/Src signaling pathway. Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, 214, 1–9. [Google Scholar]
  49. Pak JH, Moon JH, Hwang S-J, Cho S-H, Seo S-B, Kim T-S. 2009. Proteomic analysis of differentially expressed proteins in human cholangiocarcinoma cells treated with Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 108, 1376–1388. [Google Scholar]
  50. Pak JH, Shin J, Song I-S, Shim S, Jang S-W. 2017. Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products regulate migration and invasion in cholangiocarcinoma cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2/nuclear factor-κB-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. International Journal for Parasitology, 47, 51–59. [Google Scholar]
  51. Pan X, He Q, Yin Y, Xu A, Wu A, Yi X, Zhong Z, Wu Y, Li X. 2024. Extracellular vesicles of Clonorchis sinensis promote the malignant phenotypes of cholangiocarcinoma via NF-κB/EMT axis. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 18, e0012545. [Google Scholar]
  52. Parsa N, Khashab MA. 2019. The role of peroral cholangioscopy in evaluating indeterminate biliary strictures. Clinical Endoscopy, 52, 556–564. [Google Scholar]
  53. Pavicevic S, Reichelt S, Uluk D, Lurje I, Engelmann C, Modest DP, Pelzer U, Krenzien F, Raschzok N, Benzing C, Sauer IM, Stintzing S, Tacke F, Schöning W, Schmelzle M, Pratschke J, Lurje G. 2022. Prognostic and predictive molecular markers in cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers, 14, 1026. [Google Scholar]
  54. Phumrattanaprapin W, Chaiyadet S, Brindley PJ, Pearson M, Smout MJ, Loukas A, Laha T. 2021. Orally administered Bacillus spores expressing an extracellular vesicle-derived tetraspanin protect hamsters against challenge infection with carcinogenic human liver fluke. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 223, 1445–1455. [Google Scholar]
  55. Prachayakul V, Rugivarodom M, Nopjaroonsri P, Cheirsilpa K, Chang A, Kamolhan T, Boonyaarunnate T, Thuwajit C, Thuwajit P. 2022. Diagnostic power of DNA methylation markers suggestive of cholangiocarcinoma in ERCP-based brush cytology. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 95, 123–130.e1.. [Google Scholar]
  56. Prueksapanich P, Piyachaturawat P, Aumpansub P, Ridtitid W, Chaiteerakij R, Rerknimitr R. 2018. Liver fluke-associated biliary tract cancer. Gut and Liver, 12, 236–245. [Google Scholar]
  57. Qian M-B, Huang J-L, Wang L, Zhou C-H, Zhu T-J, Zhu H-H, He Y-T, Zhou X-N, Lai Y-S, Li S-Z. 2025. Clonorchiasis in China: Geospatial modeling of the population infected and at risk, based on national surveillance. Journal of Infection, 91, 106528. [Google Scholar]
  58. Qian M-B, Keiser J, Utzinger J, Zhou X-N. 2024. Clonorchiasis and opisthorchiasis: epidemiology, transmission, clinical features, morbidity, diagnosis, treatment, and control. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 37, e0000923. [Google Scholar]
  59. Qian M-B, Zhou C-H, Zhu H-H, Chen Y-D, Zhou X-N. 2021. Cost yield of different treatment strategies against Clonorchis sinensis infection. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 10, 136. [Google Scholar]
  60. Qiu Y-Y, Chang Q-C, Gao J-F, Bao M-J, Luo H-T, Song J-H, Hong S-J, Mao R-F, Sun Y-Y, Chen Y-Y, Liu M-Y, Wang C-R, Liu X-L. 2022. Multiple biochemical indices and metabolomics of Clonorchis sinensis provide a novel interpretation of biomarkers. Parasites & Vectors, 15, 172. [Google Scholar]
  61. Ramchandani M, Reddy DN, Gupta R, Lakhtakia S, Tandan M, Darisetty S, Sekaran A, Rao GV. 2011. Role of single-operator peroral cholangioscopy in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary lesions: a single-center, prospective study. Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 74, 511–519. [Google Scholar]
  62. Rodrigues PM, Vogel A, Arrese M, Balderramo DC, Valle JW, Banales JM. 2021. Next-generation biomarkers for cholangiocarcinoma. Cancers, 13, 3222. [Google Scholar]
  63. Sacco M, Gesualdo M, Staiano MT, Dall’Amico E, Caronna S, Dibitetto S, Canalis C, Caneglias A, Mediati F, Stasio RC, Gaia S, Saracco GM, Bruno M, De Angelis CG. 2024. Direct single-operator cholangioscopy and intraductal ultrasonography in patients with indeterminate biliary strictures: A single center experience. Diagnostics, 14, 1316. [Google Scholar]
  64. Salem PES, Ghazala RA, El Gendi AM, Emara DM, Ahmed NM. 2020. The association between circulating MicroRNA-150 level and cholangiocarcinoma. Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, 34, e23397. [Google Scholar]
  65. Sandhu DS, Shire AM, Roberts LR. 2008. Epigenetic DNA hypermethylation in cholangiocarcinoma: Potential roles in pathogenesis, diagnosis and identification of treatment targets. Liver International, 28, 12–27. [Google Scholar]
  66. Shi T, Morishita A, Kobara H, Masaki T. 2021. The role of microRNAs in cholangiocarcinoma. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22, 7627. [Google Scholar]
  67. Silsirivanit A, Sawanyawisuth K, Riggins GJ, Wongkham C. 2014. Cancer biomarker discovery for cholangiocarcinoma: The high-throughput approaches. Journal of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Sciences, 21, 388–396. [Google Scholar]
  68. Smout MJ, Laha T, Chaiyadet S, Brindley PJ, Loukas A. 2024. Mechanistic insights into liver-fluke-induced bile-duct cancer. Trends in Parasitology, 40, 1183–1196. [Google Scholar]
  69. So H, Park DH. 2020. Digital single-operator cholangioscopy for indeterminate biliary stricture: Enthusiasm or still evolving for unmet need? Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 91, 394–395. [Google Scholar]
  70. Sripa B, Brindley PJ, Mulvenna J, Laha T, Smout MJ, Mairiang E, Bethony JM, Loukas A. 2012. The tumorigenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini – multiple pathways to cancer. Trends in Parasitology, 28, 395–407. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Sun H, Lin Z, Zhao L, Chen T, Shang M, Jiang H, Tang Z, Zhou X, Shi M, Zhou L, Ren P, Qu H, Lin J, Li X, Xu J, Huang Y, Yu X. 2018. Bacillus subtilis spore with surface display of paramyosin from Clonorchis sinensis potentializes a promising oral vaccine candidate. Parasites & Vectors, 11, 156. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Sun H, Shang M, Tang Z, Jiang H, Dong H, Zhou X, Lin Z, Shi C, Ren P, Zhao L, Shi M, Zhou L, Pan H, Chang O, Li X, Huang Y, Yu X. 2020. Oral delivery of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing Clonorchis sinensis paramyosin protects grass carp from cercaria infection. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 104, 1633–1646. [Google Scholar]
  73. Tang Z-L, Huang Y, Yu X-B. 2016. Current status and perspectives of Clonorchis sinensis and clonorchiasis: epidemiology, pathogenesis, omics, prevention and control. Infectious Diseases of Poverty, 5, 71. [Google Scholar]
  74. Vedeld HM, Folseraas T, Lind GE. 2020. Detecting cholangiocarcinoma in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis – The promise of DNA methylation and molecular biomarkers. JHEP Reports, 2, 100143. [Google Scholar]
  75. Wang C, He Q, Yin Y, Wu Y, Li X. 2021. Clonorchis sinensis granulin promotes malignant transformation of hepatocyte through EGFR-mediated RAS/MAPK/ERK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, 11, 734750. [Google Scholar]
  76. Wang K, Lu X, Zhou H, Gao Y, Zheng J, Tong M, Wu C, Liu C, Huang L, Jiang T, Meng F, Lu Y, Ai H, Xie X-Y, Yin L-P, Liang P, Tian J, Zheng R. 2019. Deep learning radiomics of shear wave elastography significantly improved diagnostic performance for assessing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B: A prospective multicentre study. Gut, 68, 729–741. [Google Scholar]
  77. Wang L-J, He C-C, Sui X, Cai M-J, Zhou C-Y, Ma J-L, Wu L, Wang H, Han S-X, Zhu Q. 2015. MiR-21 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma proliferation and growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting PTPN14 and PTEN. Oncotarget, 6, 5932–5946. [Google Scholar]
  78. Wang X, Chen W, Huang Y, Sun J, Men J, Liu H, Luo F, Guo L, Lv X, Deng C, Zhou C, Fan Y, Li X, Huang L, Hu Y, Liang C, Hu X, Xu J, Yu X. 2011. The draft genome of the carcinogenic human liver fluke Clonorchis sinensis. Genome Biology, 12, R107. [Google Scholar]
  79. Wang X, Hu F, Hu X, Chen W, Huang Y, Yu X. 2014. Proteomic identification of potential Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products capable of binding and activating human hepatic stellate cells. Parasitology Research, 113, 3063–3071. [Google Scholar]
  80. Wang Y, Wang X, Zhang N, Yu Y, Bao P, Ma Y, Zhang H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Gong P, Li X, Li J. 2023. Extracellular vesicles of Clonorchis sinensis promote IL-6 and TNF-α secretion via the Toll-like receptor 9-mediated ERK pathway in biliary epithelial cells. Developmental and Comparative Immunology, 139, 104555. [Google Scholar]
  81. Wen L, Li M, Yin J. 2024. PTEN deficiency induced by extracellular vesicle miRNAs from Clonorchis sinensis potentiates cholangiocarcinoma development by inhibiting ferroptosis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25, 10350. [Google Scholar]
  82. Wen L-J, Chen J-H, Xu H-J, Yu Q, Liu K. 2020. Efficacy and safety of digital single-operator cholangioscopy in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures by targeted biopsies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diagnostics, 10, 666. [Google Scholar]
  83. Won J, Cho Y, Lee D, Jeon BY, Ju J-W, Chung S, Pak JH. 2019. Clonorchis sinensis excretory-secretory products increase malignant characteristics of cholangiocarcinoma cells in three-dimensional co-culture with biliary ductal plates. PLoS Pathogens, 15, e1007818. [Google Scholar]
  84. Won J, Ju J-W, Kim SM, Shin Y, Chung S, Pak JH. 2014. Clonorchis sinensis infestation promotes three-dimensional aggregation and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells. PloS One, 9, e110705. [Google Scholar]
  85. Wu Q, Zhen Y, Shi L, Vu P, Greninger P, Adil R, Merritt J, Egan R, Wu M-J, Yin X, Ferrone CR, Deshpande V, Baiev I, Pinto CJ, McLoughlin DE, Walmsley CS, Stone JR, Gordan JD, Zhu AX, Juric D, Goyal L, Benes CH, Bardeesy N. 2022. EGFR inhibition potentiates FGFR inhibitor therapy and overcomes resistance in FGFR2 fusion-positive cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Discovery, 12, 1378–1395. [Google Scholar]
  86. Xu L-L, Jiang B, Duan J-H, Zhuang S-F, Liu Y-C, Zhu S-Q, Zhang L-P, Zhang H-B, Xiao S-H, Zhou X-N. 2014. Efficacy and safety of praziquantel, tribendimidine and mebendazole in patients with co-infection of Clonorchis sinensis and other helminths. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 8, e3046. [Google Scholar]
  87. Yan C, Shen L-P, Ma R, Li B, Li X-Y, Hua H, Zhang B, Yu Q, Wang Y-G, Tang R-X, Zheng K-Y. 2016. Characterization and identification of differentially expressed microRNAs during the process of the peribiliary fibrosis induced by Clonorchis sinensis. Infection, Genetics and Evolution, 43, 321–328. [Google Scholar]
  88. Yan C, Wang Y-H, Yu Q, Cheng X-D, Zhang B-B, Li B, Zhang B, Tang R-X, Zheng K-Y. 2015. Clonorchis sinensis excretory/secretory products promote the secretion of TNF-alpha in the mouse intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells via Toll-like receptor 4. Parasites & Vectors, 8, 559. [Google Scholar]
  89. Yang JD, Ghoz H, Aboelsoud MM, Taylor WR, Yab TC, Berger CK, Cao X, Foote PH, Giama NH, Barr Fritcher EG, Mahoney DW, Moser CD, Smyrk TC, Kipp BR, Gores GJ, Roberts LR, Kisiel JB. 2021. DNA methylation markers for detection of cholangiocarcinoma: Discovery, validation, and clinical testing in biliary brushings and plasma. Hepatology Communications, 5, 1448–1459. [Google Scholar]
  90. Young ND, Campbell BE, Hall RS, Jex AR, Cantacessi C, Laha T, Sohn W-M, Sripa B, Loukas A, Brindley PJ, Gasser RB. 2010. Unlocking the transcriptomes of two carcinogenic parasites, Clonorchis sinensis and Opisthorchis viverrini. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 4, e719. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Young ND, Stroehlein AJ, Kinkar L, Wang T, Sohn W-M, Chang BCH, Kaur P, Weisz D, Dudchenko O, Aiden EL, Korhonen PK, Gasser RB. 2021. High-quality reference genome for Clonorchis sinensis. Genomics, 113, 1605–1615. [Google Scholar]
  92. Zaparina O, Rakhmetova AS, Kolosova NG, Cheng G, Mordvinov VA, Pakharukova MY. 2021. Antioxidants resveratrol and SkQ1 attenuate praziquantel adverse effects on the liver in Opisthorchis felineus infected hamsters. Acta Tropica, 220, 105954. [Google Scholar]
  93. Zhang B, Li X, Zhou Q-Y, Zhang C, Bian Z-R, Ren X-X, Yu Q, Hua H, Jiang Z, Zhang B, Li X-Y, Chen M-X, Zheng K-Y, Yan C. 2025. Clonorchis sinensis extracellular vesicles associated with Csi-let-7a–5p activate pro-inflammatory macrophages to induce biliary injury. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 19, e0013080. [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.