EDP Sciences logo
Submit your paper
Search
Menu
All issues Volume 32 (2025) Parasite, 32 (2025) 62 References
Open Access
Issue
Parasite
Volume 32, 2025
Article Number 62
Number of page(s) 13
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2025054
Published online 25 September 2025
  1. Antibodies online. Syphilis IgM antibody ELISA kit (ABIN997000). Available at https://www.antibodies-online.com/kit/997000/Syphilis+IgM+Antibody+ELISA+Kit/ (accessed on 4 April 2023). [Google Scholar]
  2. Appeltrath GA, Parreuter J, Lindemann M, Klump H, Karsten CB. 2024. An efficient ELISA protocol for measurement of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgG in human plasma and serum samples. MethodsX, 12, 102596. [Google Scholar]
  3. ASTM International. 2021. ASTM F1980-21: standard for accelerated aging of sterile barrier systems and medical devices. Pennsylvania, USA: ASTM International. [Google Scholar]
  4. Aziz MU, Hussain S, Song B, Ghauri HN, Zeb J, Sparagano OA. 2022. Ehrlichiosis in dogs: a comprehensive review about the pathogen and its vectors with emphasis on south and east Asian countries. Veterinary Sciences, 10, 21. [Google Scholar]
  5. Bajaj S, Singla D, Sakhuja N. 2012. Stability testing of pharmaceutical products. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science, 2, 129–138. [Google Scholar]
  6. Biomol GmbH, Bethyl Laboratories Inc. ELISA protocol. Available at https://www.biomol.com/dateien/Bethyl–ELISA-Protocol.pdf (accessed on 13 September 2022). [Google Scholar]
  7. Boonhoh W, Sontigun N, Fungwithaya P, Wongtawan T. 2023. Hematological analysis of naturally infecting blood parasites in dogs. Veterinary World, 16, 681–686. [Google Scholar]
  8. Bornhorst JA, Falke JJ. 2000. Purification of proteins using polyhistidine affinity tags. Methods in Enzymology, 326, 245–254. [Google Scholar]
  9. Breitschwerdt EB, Hegarty BC, Hancock SI. 1998. Sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with Ehrlichia canis, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia equi, Ehrlichia ewingii, or Bartonella vinsonii. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 36, 2645–2651. [Google Scholar]
  10. Campa C, Pronce T, Paludi M, Weusten J, Conway L, Savery J, Richards C, Clénet D. 2021. Use of stability modeling to support accelerated vaccine development and supply. Vaccines, 9, 1114. [Google Scholar]
  11. Cannell JS. 1985. Fundamentals of stability testing. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 7, 291–303. [Google Scholar]
  12. Cárdenas AM, Doyle CK, Zhang X, Nethery K, Corstvet RE, Walker DH, McBride JW. 2006. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay with conserved immunoreactive glycoproteins gp36 and gp19 has enhanced sensitivity and provides species-specific immunodiagnosis of Ehrlichia canis infection. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 14, 123–128. [Google Scholar]
  13. Chen R, Shang H, Niu X, Huang J, Miao Y, Sha Z, Liting Q, Huang H, Peng D, Zhu R. 2021. Establishment and evaluation of an indirect ELISA for detection of antibodies to goat Klebsiella pneumonia. BMC Veterinary Research, 17, 107. [Google Scholar]
  14. Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products (CVMP). 2024. Guideline on stability testing for applications for variations to a marketing authorisation for veterinary medicinal product (EMA/CVMP/QWP/515653/2023). Amsterdam, The Netherlands: European Medicine Agency (EMA). [Google Scholar]
  15. Conrad B. 2023. %CV in ELISA: How to reduce them and why they’re important. Enzo Biochem Inc. Available at https://www.enzo.com/note/cv-in-elisa-how-to-reduce-them-and-why-theyre-important/ (accessed on 18 January 2023). [Google Scholar]
  16. Cortadellas O, Fernández-del Palacio MJ, Talavera J, Bayón A. 2009. Serum phosphorus concentrations in dogs with leishmaniosis at different stages of chronic kidney disease. Veterinary Record, 164, 487–490. [Google Scholar]
  17. Cusabio Tachnology. ELISA protocols. Available at https://www.cusabio.com/protocols/ELISA_Protocol.pdf (accessed on 25 October 2022). [Google Scholar]
  18. Debeljak N, Feldman L, Davis KL, Komel R, Sytkowski AJ. 2006. Variability in the immunodetection of his-tagged recombinant proteins. Analytical Biochemistry, 359, 216–223. [Google Scholar]
  19. Deutschmann C, Roggenbuck D, Schierack P, Rodiger S. 2020. Autoantibody testing by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-a case in which the solid phase decides on success and failure. Helicon, 6, e03270. [Google Scholar]
  20. DRG Instruments GmbH. Instructions for use. Rubella IgM ELISA (Ref: EIA-3511). Available at https://www.sceti.co.jp/images/psearch/pdf/DRG_EIA3511_p.pdf (accessed on 27 March 2023). [Google Scholar]
  21. European Monoclonal Antibodies Network (EuroMAbNet). ELISA Protocol. Available at https://www.euromabnet.com/protocols/elisa.php (accessed on 23 February 2023). [Google Scholar]
  22. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 2021. Q2(R1) Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology. Guidance for industry. Silver Spring, Maryland, USA: US FDA. [Google Scholar]
  23. GeneTex. Protocol: Indirect ELISA. Available at https://www.genetex.com/upload/media/support/protocols/genetex_ELISA(indirect).pdf (accessed on 16 December 2022). [Google Scholar]
  24. González-González O, Ramirez IO, Ramirez BI, O’Connell P, Ballesteros MP, Torrado JJ, Serrano DR. 2022. Drug stability: ICH versus accelerated predictive stability studies. Pharmaceutics, 14, 2324. [Google Scholar]
  25. Hagler JR, Naranjo SE. 1994. Determining the frequency of heteropteran predation on sweetpotato whitefly and pink bollworm using multiple ELISAs. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 72, 59–66. [Google Scholar]
  26. Harrus S, Waner T. 2011. Diagnosis of canine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (Ehrlichia canis): an overview. Veterinary Journal, 187, 292–296. [Google Scholar]
  27. He S, Xu R, Yi H, Chen Z, Chen C, Li Q, Han Q, Xia X, Song Y, Xu J, Zhang J. 2022. Development of alkaline phosphatase-scFv and its use for one-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for his-tagged protein detection. Open Life Sciences, 17, 1505–1514. [Google Scholar]
  28. ImmunoReagents Inc. A general protocol on how to conduct an ELISA assay. Available at https://www.immunoreagents.com/protocols/view/2 (accessed on 28 February 2023). [Google Scholar]
  29. Keysary A, Waner T, Rosner M, Warner CK, Dawson JE, Zass R, Biggie KL, Harrus S. 1996. The first isolation, in vitro propagation, and genetic characterization of Ehrlichia canis in Israel. Veterinary Parasitology, 62, 331–340. [Google Scholar]
  30. Keystone Compliance. Accelerated aging time calculator. Available at https://keystonecompliance.com/aat-calculator/ (accessed on 13 December 2019). [Google Scholar]
  31. Khatri S, Psaraftis N, Funaro A, Arinuma Y, Fujieda Y, Mader S, Jørgensen CD, Astakhova K. 2020. Serological comparison of systemic lupus erythematosus with neuropsychiatric lupus using synthetic nucleic acid antigens. Journal of Translational Autoimmunity, 3, 100068. [Google Scholar]
  32. Kostopoulou D, Gizzarelli M, Ligda P, Manzillo VF, Saratsi K, Montagnaro S, Schunack B, Boegel A, Pollmeier M, Oliva G, Sotiraki S .2020. Mapping the canine vector-borne disease risk in a Mediterranean area. Parasites & Vectors, 13, 282. [Google Scholar]
  33. Lardeux F, Torrico G, Aliaga C. 2016. Calculation of the ELISA’s cut-off based on the change-point analysis method for detection of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Bolivian dogs in the absence of controls. Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 111, 501–504. [Google Scholar]
  34. Lexmond W, van der Mee J, Ruiter F, Platzer B, Stary G, Yen EH, Dehlink E, Nurko S, Fiebiger E. 2011. Development and validation of a standardized ELISA for the detection of soluble Fc-epsilon-RI in human serum. Journal of Immunological Methods, 373, 192–199. [Google Scholar]
  35. Lindner P, Bauer K, Krebber A, Nieba L, Kremmer E, Krebber C, Honegger A, Klinger B, Mocikat R, Plückthun A. 1997. Specific detection of his-tagged proteins with recombinant anti-His tag scFv-Phosphatase or scFv-Phage fusions. BioTechniques, 22, 140–149. [Google Scholar]
  36. López L, Venteo A, Aguirre A, García M, Rodríguez M, Amusátegui I, Tesouro MA, Vela C, Sainz A, Rueda P. 2007. Development of a sensitive and specific indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on a baculovirus recombinant antigen for detection of specific antibodies against Ehrlichia canis. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 19, 635–642. [Google Scholar]
  37. Luo T, Patel JG, Zhang X, Walker DH, McBride JW. 2020. Ehrlichia chaffeensis and E. canis hypothetical protein immunoanalysis reveals small secreted immunodominant proteins and conformation-dependent antibody epitopes. NPJ Vaccines, 5, 85. [Google Scholar]
  38. Mazzu-Nascimento T, Morbioli GG, Milan LA, Silva DF, Donofrio FC, Mestrinerg CA, Carrilho E. 2017. Improved assessment of accuracy and performance indicators in paper-based ELISA. Analytical Methods, 9, 2644–2653. [Google Scholar]
  39. McBride JW, Doyle CK, Zhang X, Cardenas AM, Popov VL, Nethery KA, Woods ME. 2007. Identification of a glycosylated Ehrlichia canis 19-Kilodalton major immunoreactive protein with a species-specific serine-rich glycopeptide epitope. Infection and Immunity, 75, 74–82. [Google Scholar]
  40. Mechkovski A. 1994. WHO guidelines on stability testing of pharmaceutical products containing well-established drug substances in conventional dosage forms. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization (WHO). [Google Scholar]
  41. Mei L, Wu P, Ye J, Gao G, Shao L, Huang S, Yaoming L, Xiaohong Y, Huanchun C, Shengbo C. 2012. Development and application of an antigen capture ELISA assay for diagnosis of Japanese encephalitis virus in swine, human and mosquito. Virology Journal, 9, 4. [Google Scholar]
  42. Nambooppha B, Rittipornlertrak A, Muenthaisong A, Koonyosying P, Chomjit P, Sangkakam K, Tangtrongsup S, Tiwananthagorn S, Sthitmatee N. 2022. Recombinant Ehrlichia canis GP19 protein as a promising vaccine prototype providing a protective immune response in a mouse model. Veterinary Sciences, 9, 386. [Google Scholar]
  43. Niedrig M, Lademann M, Emmerich P, Lafrenz M. 1999. Assessment of IgG antibodies against yellow fever virus after vaccination with 17D by different assays: neutralization test, haemagglutination inhibition test, immunofluorescence assay and ELISA. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 4, 867–871. [Google Scholar]
  44. Ohashi N, Zhi N, Zhang Y, Rikihisa Y. 1998. Immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of Ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family. Infection and Immunity, 66, 132–139. [Google Scholar]
  45. Packaging Compliance Labs. Accelerated aging calculator. Available at https://pkgcompliance.com/resource/accelerated-aging-calculator/ (accessed on 9 January 2024). [Google Scholar]
  46. Patel JG, Luo T, Zhang X, McBride JW. 2024. Immuno- and expression analysis of Ehrlichia canis immunoreactive proteins. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 11, 1481934. [Google Scholar]
  47. Pearson WR. 2013. An introduction to sequence similarity (“homology”) searching. Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 42, 3.1.1–3.1.8. [Google Scholar]
  48. Peng J, Song S, Xu L, Ma W, Liu L, Kuang H, Xu C. 2013. Development of a monoclonal antibody-based sandwich ELISA for peanut allergen Ara h 1 in food. International Journal of Environmental Research, 10, 2897–2905. [Google Scholar]
  49. Piepers S, Jansen MD, Cats EA, van Sorge NM, van den Berg LH, van der Pol WL. 2010. VIg inhibits classical pathway activity and anti-GM1 IgM-mediated complement deposition in MMN. Journal of Neuroimmunology, 229, 256–262. [Google Scholar]
  50. Raditic DM, Remillard RL, Tater KC. 2011. ELISA testing for common food antigens in four dry dog foods used in dietary elimination trials. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 95, 90–97. [Google Scholar]
  51. Rajagopall A, Basith SA, Gomathinayagam S, Dhinakarraj G. 2009. Evaluation of PCR and IFAT in the diagnosis of canine ehrlichiosis. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 35, 189–191. [Google Scholar]
  52. Righi C, Iscaro C, Ferroni L, Rosati S, Pellegrini C, Nogarol C, Rossi E, Dettori A, Feliziani F, Petrini S. 2022. Validation of a commercial indirect ELISA kit for the detection of bovine alphaherpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1)-specific glycoprotein E antibodies in bulk milk samples of dairy cows. Veterinary Sciences, 9, 311. [Google Scholar]
  53. Rikihisa Y. 1991. Cross-reacting antigens between Neorickettsia helminthoeca and Ehrlichia species, shown by immunofluorescence and western immunoblotting. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 29, 2024–2029. [Google Scholar]
  54. Rikihisa Y, Ewing SA, Fox JC, Siregar AG, Pasaribu FH, Malole MB. 1992. Analyses of Ehrlichia canis and a canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30, 143–148. [Google Scholar]
  55. Rusanen J, Kareinen L, Levanov L, Mero S, Pakkanen SH, Kantele A, Amanat F, Krammer F, Hedman K, Vapalahti O, Hepojoki J. 2021. A 10-minute “mix and read” antibody assay for SARS-CoV-2. Viruses, 13, 143. [Google Scholar]
  56. Sgroi G, D’Alessio N, Veneziano V, Rofrano G, Fusco G, Carbonara M, Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D, Iatta R. 2024. Ehrlichia canis in human and tick, Italy, 2023. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 30, 2651–2654. [Google Scholar]
  57. Sirikajornpan K, Suntarattiwong P, Suwanpakdee D, Tabprasit S, Buddhari D, Thaisomboonsuk B, Klungthong C, Poolpanichupatam Y, Buathong R, Srikiatkhachorn A, Jones A, Fernandez S, Hunsawong T. 2021. Standardization and evaluation of an anti-ZIKV IgM ELISA Assay for the serological diagnosis of Zika virus infection. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 105, 936–941. [Google Scholar]
  58. Thirumalapura N, Crocquet-Valdes P, Saito T, Dadfarnia T, DiCicco B, Walker D. 2013. Recombinant Ehrlichia P29 protein, but not P13 protein, induces a protective immune response in a mouse model of ehrlichiosis (P4280). Vaccine, 31, 5960–5967. [Google Scholar]
  59. Valero MA, Periago MV, Pérez-Crespo I, Rodríguez E, Perteguer MJ, Gárate T, González-Barberá EM, Mas-Coma S. 2012. Assessing the validity of an ELISA test for the serological diagnosis of human fascioliasis in different epidemiological situations. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 17, 630–636. [Google Scholar]
  60. van Vliet AHM, Jongejan F, van Kleef M, van der Zeijst BAM. 1994. Molecular-cloning, sequence-analysis, and expression of the gene encoding the immunodominant 32 kDa protein of Cowdria ruminantium. Infection and Immunity, 62, 1451–1456. [Google Scholar]
  61. Waner T, Harrus S, Jongejan F, Bark H, Keysary A, Cornelissen AW. 2001. Significance of serological testing for ehrlichial diseases in dogs with special emphasis on the diagnosis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis caused by Ehrlichia canis. Veterinary Parasitology, 95, 1–15. [Google Scholar]
  62. Wen B, Rikihisa Y, Mott J, Fuerst PA, Kawahara M, Suto C. 1995. Ehrlichia muris sp. nov., identified on the basis of 16S rRNA base sequences and serological, morphological, and biological characteristics. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 45, 250–254. [Google Scholar]
  63. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). 2023. Chapter 1.1.6 – Principles and methods of validation of diagnostic assays for infectious diseases, in: Terrestrial Manual, 12th ed. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH): Paris, France. p. 1–27. [Google Scholar]
  64. Yuan F, Chen C, Covaleda LM, Martins M, Reinhart JM, Sullivan DR, Diel DG, Fang Y. 2023. Development of monoclonal antibody-based blocking ELISA for detecting SARS-CoV-2 exposure in animals. mSphere, 8, e0006723. [Google Scholar]
  65. Zentgraf H, Frey M, Schwinn S, Tessmer C, Willemann B, Samstag Y, Velhagen I. 1995. Detection of histidine-tagged fusion proteins by using a high-specific mouse monoclonal anti-histidine tag antibody. Nucleic Acids Research, 23, 3347–3348. [Google Scholar]
  66. Zheng Z, Houchins D, Ung J, Richard JL. 2003. Validation of an ELISA test kit for the detection of deoxynivalenol in several food commodities. JSM Mycotoxins, 2003, 295–302. [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.