EDP Sciences logo
Submit your paper
Search
Menu
All issues Volume 19 / No 2 (May 2012) Parasite, 19 2 (2012) 101-115 References
Open Access
Review
Issue
Parasite
Volume 19, Number 2, May 2012
Page(s) 101 - 115
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2012192101
Published online 15 May 2012
  1. Abol-Enein H. Infection: is it a cause of bladder cancer? Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 2008, 218, S79–S84. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  2. Andrade Z.A. & Abreu W.N. Follicular lymphoma of the spleen in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 1971, 20, 237–243. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Attwood H.D. & Chou S.T. The longevity of Clonorchis sinensis, Pathology, 1978, 10, 153–156. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Badawi A.F., Mostafa M.H., Aboul-Azm T, Haboubi N.Y., O’Connor P.J. & Cooper D.P. Promutagenic methylation damage in bladder DNA from patients with bladder cancer associated with schistosomiasis and from normal individuals. Carcinogenesis, 1992, 13,877–881. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Badawi A.F., Cooper D.P., Mostafa M.H., Aboul-Azm T., Barnard R., Margison G.P. & O’Connor P.J. O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in schistosomiasis-associated human bladder cancer. Eur. J. Cancer, 1994, 30A, 1314–1319. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bajer A., Bednarska M., Cacciò S.M., Wolska-Kuśnierz B., Heropolitanska-Pliszka E., Bernatowska E., Wielopolska M., Paziewska A., Welc-Faleciak R. & Siński E. Genotyping of Cryptosporidium isolates from human clinical cases in Poland. Parasitol. Res., 2008, 103, 37–42. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Barakat F.M., Mcdonald V., Foster G.R., Tovey M.G. & Korbel D.S. Cryptosporidium parvum infection rapidly induces a protective innate immune response involving type I interferon. J. Infect. Dis., 2009, 200, 1548–1555. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Baumgartner M., Chaussepied M., Moreau M.F., Werling D., Davis W.C., Garcia A. & Langsley G. Constitutive PI3-K activity is essential for proliferation, but not survival, of Theileria parva-transformed B cells. Cell. Microbiol., 2000, 2, 329–339. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Baumgartner M. Enforcing host cell polarity: an apicomplexan parasite strategy towards dissemination. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2011a, 14, 436–444. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  10. Baumgartner M. Theileria annulata promotes Src kinase-dependent host cell polarization by manipulating actin dynamics in podosomes and lamellipodia. Cell. Microbiol., 2011b, 13, 538–553. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Bhagwandeen S.B. Schistosomiasis and carcinoma of the bladder in Zambia. S. Afr. Med. J., 1976, 50, 1616–1620. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Bornkamm G.W. Epstein-Barr virus and the pathogenesis of Burkitt’s lymphoma: more questions than answers. Int. J. Cancer, 2009, 124, 1745–1755. [Google Scholar]
  13. Boyle C.A., Lowell D.M., Kelsey J.L., Livolsi V.A. & Boyle K.E. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among women with papillomavirus infection compared to women with Trichomonas infection. Cancer, 1989, 64, 168–172. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Branco S., Orvalho J., Leitão A., Pereira I., Malta M., Mariano I., Carvalho T., Baptista R., Shiels B.R. & Peleteiro M.C. Fatal cases of Theileria annulata infection in calves in Portugal associated with neoplastic-like lymphoid cell proliferation. J. Vet. Sci., 2010, 11, 27–34. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Buda A., Pignatelli M. Cytoskeletal network in colon cancer: from genes to clinical application. Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol., 2004, 36, 759–765. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Carmen J.C. & Sinai A.P. Suicide prevention: disruption of apoptotic pathways by protozoan parasites. Mol. Microbiol., 2007, 64, 904–916. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Carpenter L.M., Newton R., Casabonne D., Ziegler J., Mbulaiteye S., Mbidde E., Wabinga H., Jaffe H. & Beral V. Antibodies against malaria and Epstein-Barr virus in childhood Burkitt lymphoma: a case-control study in Uganda. Int. J. Cancer, 2008, 122, 1319–1323. [Google Scholar]
  18. Certad G., Ngouanesavanh T., Guyot K., Gantois N., Chassat T., Mouray A., Fleurisse L., Pinon A., Cailliez J.C., Deicas E. & Creusy C. Cryptosporidium parvum, a potential cause of colic adenocarcinoma. Infect. Agent. Cancer,2007, 2, 22. [Google Scholar]
  19. Certad G., Creusy C., Guyot K., Mouray A., Chassat T., Delaire B., Pinon A., Sitja-Bobadilla A., Alvarez-Pellitero P., Praet M., Cuvelier C. & Dei-Cas E. Fulminant cryptosporidiosis associated with digestive adenocarcinoma in SCID mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum TUM1 strain. Int. J. Parasitol., 2010a, 40, 1469–1475. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Certad G., Creusy C., Ngouanesavanh T., Guyot K., Gantois N., Mouray A., Chassat T., Flament N., Fleurisse L., Pinon A., Delhaes L. & Dei-Cas E. Development of Cryptosporidium parvum induced gastro-intestinal neoplasia in SCID mice: severity of lesions is correlated with infection intensity. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 2010b, 82, 257–265. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. Chakrabarti R.N., Dutta K., Sarkhel T. & Maity S. Cytologic evidence of the association of different infective lesions with dysplastic changes in the uterine cervix. Eur. J. Gynaecol. Oncol., 1992, 13, 398–402. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Chalmers R.M. & Davies A.P. Minireview: clinical cryptosporidiosis. Exp. Parasitol., 2010, 124, 138–146. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Chaudhary K.S., Lu Q.L., Abel P.D., Khandan-Nia N., Shoma A.M., El Baz M., Stamp G.W. & Lalani E.N. Expression of bcl-2 and p53 oncoproteins in schistosomiasis-associated transitional and squamous cell carcinoma of urinary bladder. Br. J. Urol., 1997, 245, 78–84. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  24. Chen X.M., Levine S.A., Splinter P.L., Tietz P.S., Ganong A.L., Jobin C., Gores G.J., Paya C.V., Larusso N.F. Cryptosporidium parvum activates nuclear factor kappaB in biliary epithelia preventing epithelial cell apoptosis. Gastroenterology, 2001, 120, 1774–1783. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Chen X.M., O’Hara S.P., Nelson J.B., Splinter P.L., Small A.J., Tietz P.S., Limper A.H. & Larusso N.F. Multiple TLRs are expressed in human cholangiocytes and mediate host epithelial defense responses to Cryptosporidium parvum via activation of NF-kappaB. J. Immunol., 2005, 175, 7447–7456. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Chêne A., Donati D., Guerreiro-Cacais A.O., Levitsky V., Chen Q., Falk K.I., Orem J., Kironde F., Wahlgren M. & Bejarano M.T. A molecular link between malaria and Epstein-Barr virus reactivation. PLoS Pathog., 2007, 3, e80. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Cohen S.M. & Johansson S.L. Epidemiology and etiology of bladder cancer. Urol. Clin. N. Am., 1992, 19, 421–428. [Google Scholar]
  28. Creusy C., Certad G., GuyoT K. & Dei-Cas E. Parasites and oncogenesis with a special reference to gastro-intestinal neoplasia induced by Cryptosporidium parvum, In: Detection of bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi. Viola-Magni M., (ed.), NATO Series Science for Peace, Springer, Berlin, 2010, 381–388. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  29. Darwish M.A., Raouf T.A., Rushdy P., Constantine N.T., Rao M.R. & Edelman R. Risk factors associated with a high seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian blood donors. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 1993, 49, 440–447. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. De Andrade D.R., Ishioka S., Câmara-Lopes L.H. & Meira J.A. Association of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni and histiocytic lymphoma. Arq. Gastroenterol., 1982, 19, 77–80. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. De La Horra C., Varela J.M., Fernandez-Alonso J., Medrana F.J., Respandiza N., Montes-Cano M.A. & Calderone E.J. Association between human-Pneumocystis infection and small-cell lung carcinoma. Eur. J. Clin. Invest., 2004, 34 229–235. [Google Scholar]
  32. De Martel C. & Franceschi S. Infections and cancer: established associations and new hypotheses. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol., 2009, 70, 183–194. [Google Scholar]
  33. De Souza Ldo R., Rodrigues M.A., Morceli J., Kemp R. & Mendes R.P. Cryptosporidiosis of the biliary tract mimicking pancreatic cancer in an AIDS patient. Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop., 2004, 37, 182–185. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Deng M., Lancto C.A. & Abrahamsen M.S. Cryptosporidium parvum regulation of human epithelial cell gene expression. Int. J. Parasitol., 2004, 34, 73–82. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Dessauge F., Lizundia R. & Langsley G. Constitutively activated CK2 potentially plays a pivotal role in Theileria-induced lymphocyte transformation. Parasitology, 2005, 130, 37–44. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  36. Dobbelaere D. & Heussler V. Transformation of leukocytes by Theileria parva and T. annulata. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 1999, 53, 1–42. [Google Scholar]
  37. Dobbelaere D.A., Fernandez P.C. & Heussler V.T. Theileria parva: taking control of host cell proliferation and survival mechanisms. Cell. Microbiol., 2000, 2, 91–99. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Dobbelaere D.A. & Rottenberg S. Theileria-induced leukocyte transformation. Curr. Opin. Microbiol., 2003, 6, 377–382. [Google Scholar]
  39. Duboucher C., Noël C., Durand-Joly I., Gerbod D., Delgado-Viscogliosi P., Jouveshomme S., Leclerc C., Cartolano G.L., Dei-Cas E., Capron M. & Viscogliosi E. Pulmonary coinfection by Trichomonas vaginalis and Pneumocystis sp. as a novel manifestation of AIDS. Hum. Pathol., 2003, 34,508–511. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Duboucher C., Caby S., Chabé M., Gantois N., Delgado-Viscogliosi P., Pierce R., Capron M., Dei-Cas E. & Viscogliosi E. Human pulmonary trichomonoses. Presse Med., 2007, 36, 835–839. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Eissa S., Swellam M., Ali-Labib R., Mansour A., El-Malt O. & Tash F.M. Detection of telomerase in urine by three methods: evaluation of diagnostic accuracy for bladder cancer. J. Urol., 2007, 178, 1068–1072. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. El-Bolkainy M.N. Schistosomiasis and bladder cancer, In: The pathology of bladder cancer. Bryan G.T. & Cohen S.H. (eds), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1983, 57–90. [Google Scholar]
  43. El-Sheikh S.S., Madaan S., Alhasso A., Abel P., Stamp G. & Lalani E.N. Cyclooxygenase-2: a possible target in Schistosoma-associated bladder cancer. BJU Int., 2001, 88, 921–927. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Ferlay J., Shin H.R., Bray F., Forman D., Mathers C. & Parkin D.M. GLOBOCAN 2008 v1.2, Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 10 (Internet). International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France, 2010. Available from: http://globocan.iarc.fr. [Google Scholar]
  45. Fitzgerald S.D., Moisan P.G. & Bennett R. Aural polyp associated with cryptosporidiosis in an iguana (Iguana iguana). J. Vet. Diagn. Invest., 1998, 10, 179–180. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Franchimont D. Overview of the actions of glucocorticoids on the immune response: a good model to characterize new pathways of immunosuppression for new treatment strategies. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2004, 1024, 124–137. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Gregory M.W., Catchpole J., Pittilo R.M. & Norton C.C. Ovine coccidiosis: observations on “oocyst patches” and polyps innaturally-acquired infections. Int. J. Parasitol., 1987, 17, 1113–1124. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Gutiérrez M.I., Siraj A.K., Khaled H., Koon N., El-Rifai W. & Bhatia K. CpG island methylation in Schistosoma- and non-Schistosoma-associated bladder cancer. Mod. Pathol., 2004, 17, 1268–1274. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Habib S.L., Said B., Awad A.T., Mostafa M.H. & Shank R.C. Novel adenine adducts, N7-guanine-AFB1 adducts, and p53 mutations in patients with schistosomiasis and aflatoxin exposure. Cancer Detect. Prev., 2006, 30, 491–498. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Halim A.B., Garry R.F., Dash S. & Gerber M.A. Effect of schistosomiasis and hepatitis on liver disease. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg., 1999, 60, 915–920. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Hayward A.R., Levy J., Facchetti F., Notarangelo L., Ochs H.D., Etzioni A., Bonnefoy J.Y., Cosyns M. & Weinberg A. Cholangiopathy and tumors of the pancreas, liver, and biliary tree in boys with X-linked immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM. J. Immunol., 1997, 158, 977–983. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Heine J., Moon H.W. & Woodmansee D.B. Persistent Cryptosporidium infection in congenitally athymic (nude) mice. Infect. Immun., 1984, 43, 856–859. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Herrera L.A. & Ostrosky-Wegman P. Do helminths play a role in carcinogenesis? Trends Parasitol., 2001, 17, 172–175. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Heussler V.T., Kuenzi P. & Rottenberg S. Inhibition of apoptosis by intracellular protozoan parasites. Int. J. Parasitol., 2001, 31, 1166–1176. [Google Scholar]
  55. Heussler V.T., Rottenberg S., Schwab R., Küenzi P., Fernandez P.C., Mckellar S., Shiels B., Chen Z.J., Orth K., Wallach D. & Dobbelaere D.A. Hijacking of host cell IKK signalosomes by the transforming parasite Theileria. Science, 2002, 298, 1033–1036. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Hicks R.M., James C. & Webbe G. Effect of Schistosoma haematobium and N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine on the development of urothelial neoplasia in the baboon. Br. J. Cancer, 1980, 42, 730–755. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Hicks R.M., Ismail M.M., Walters C.L., Beecham P.T., Rabie M.F. & El Alamy M.A. Association of bacteriuria and urinary nitrosamine formation with Schistosoma haematobium infection in the Qalyub area of Egypt. Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg., 1982, 76, 519–527. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Iarc – International Agency For Research on Cancer. Monograph on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans. Part B: Biological agents. World Health Organization, International Agency for Research on Cancer Volume. 2011, Volume 100, 1–487. [Google Scholar]
  59. Izquierdo J., Antunez I., Calderon M.T., Perez Giraldo C. & Munoz Sanz A. Diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium and colonic neoplasia. Rev. Clin. Esp., 1988, 182,393–394. [Google Scholar]
  60. Jittimanee J., Sermswan R.W., Puapairoj A., Maleewong W. & Wongratanacheewin S. Cytokine expression in hamsters experimentally infected with Opisthorchis viverrini. Parasite Immunol., 2007, 29, 159–167. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Khurana S., Dubey M.L. & Malla N. Association of parasitic infections and cancers. Indian J. Med. Microbiol., 2005, 23, 74–79. [Google Scholar]
  62. Kim J.O., Jung S.S., Kim S.Y., Kim T.Y., Shin D.W., Lee J.H. & Lee Y.H. Inhibition of Lewis lung carcinoma growth by Toxoplasma gondii through induction of Th1 immune responses and inhibition of angiogenesis. J. Korean Med. Sci., 2007, 22, S38–S46. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Kim E.M., Kim J.S., Choi M.H., Hong S.T. & Bae Y.M. Effects of excretory/secretory products from Clonorchis sinensis and the carcinogen dimethylnitrosamine on the proliferation and cell cycle modulation of human epithelial HEK293T cells. Korean J. Parasitol., 2008, 46, 127–132. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Laha T., Pinlaor P., Mulvenna J., Sripa B., Sripa M., Smout M.J., Gasser R.B., Brindley P.J. & Loukas A. Gene discovery for the carcinogenic human liver fluke, Opisthorchis viverrini. BMC Genomics, 2007, 8, 189. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  65. Laurent F., Kagnoff M.F., Savidge T.C., Naciri M. & Eckmann L. Human intestinal epithelial cells respond to Cryptosporidium parvum infection with increased prostaglandin H synthase 2 expression and prostaglandin E2 and F2alpha production. Infect. Immun., 1998, 66, 1787–1790. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Laurent F., Eckmann L., Savidge T.C., Morgan G., Theodos C., Naciri M. & Kagnoff M.F. Cryptosporidium parvum infection of human intestinal epithelial cells induces the polarized secretion of C-X-C chemokines. Infect. Immun., 1997, 65, 5067–5073. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Liu J., Deng M., Lancto C.A., Abrahamsen M.S., Rutherford M.S. & Enomoto S. Biphasic modulation of apoptotic pathways in Cryptosporidium parvum-infected human intestinal epithelial cells. Infect. Immun., 2009, 77, 837–849. [Google Scholar]
  68. Lizundia R., Chaussepied M., Huerre M., Werling D., Di Santo J.P. & Langsley G. c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase/c-Jun signaling promotes survival and metastasis of B lymphocytes transformed by Theileria. Cancer Res., 2006, 66, 6105–6110. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Lopez-Velez R., Tarazona R., Garcia Camacho A., Gomez-Mampaso E., Guerrero A., Moreira V. & Villanueva R. Intestinal and extraintestinal cryptosporidiosis in AIDS patients. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., 1995, 14, 677–681. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Lowe S.W. & Lin A.W. Apoptosis in cancer. Carcinogenesis, 2000, 21, 485–495. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Lüder C.G., Stanway R.R., Chaussepied M., Langsley G. & Heussler V.T. Intracellular survival of apicomplexan parasites and host cell modification. Int. J. Parasitol., 2009, 39, 163–173. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Lun Z.R., Gasser R.B., Lai D.H., Li A.X., Zhu X.Q., Yu X.B. & Fang Y.Y. Clonorchiasis: a key foodborne zoonosis in China. Lancet Infect. Dis., 2005, 5, 31–41. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Luperchio S.A. & Schauer D.B. Molecular pathogenesis of Citrobacter rodentium and transmissible murine colonic hyperplasia. Microbes Infect., 2001, 3, 333–340. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Maillot C., Gargala G., Delaunay A., Ducrotte P., Brasseur P., Ballet J.J. & Favennec L. Cryptosporidium parvum infection stimulates the secretion of TGF-beta, IL-8 and RANTES by Caco-2 cell line. Parasitol. Res., 2000, 86, 947–949. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Mayer D.A. & Fried B. The role of helminth infections in carcinogenesis. Adv. Parasitol., 2007, 65, 239–296. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Mele R., Gomez Morales M.A., Tosini F. & Pozio E. Cryptosporidium parvum at different developmental stages modulates host cell apoptosis in vitro. Infect. Immun., 2004, 72, 6061–6067. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Mohsen M.A., Hassan A.A., El-Sewedy S.M., Aboul-Azm T., Magagnotti C., Fanelli R. & Airoldi L. Biomonitoring of N-nitroso compounds, nitrite and nitrate in the urine of Egyptian bladder cancer patients with or without Schistosoma haematobium infection. Int. J. Cancer, 1999, 82, 789–794. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Mostafa M.H., Helmi S., Badawi A.F., Tricker A.R., Spiegelhalder B. & Preussmann R. Nitrate, nitrite and volatile N-nitroso compounds in the urine of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni infected patients. Carcinogenesis, 1994, 15, 619–625. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Mostafa M.H., Sheweita S.A. & O’Connor P.J. Relationship between schistosomiasis and bladder cancer. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 1999, 12, 97–111. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Naugler W.E. & Karin M. NF-kappaB and cancer-identifying targets and mechanisms. Curr. Opin. Genet. Dev., 2008, 18, 19–26. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Ninlawan K., O’Hara S.P., Splinter P.L., Yongvanit P., Kaewkes S., Surapaitoon A., Larusso N.F. & Sripa B. Opisthorchis viverrini excretory/secretory products induce toll-like receptor 4 upregulation and production of interleukin 6 and 8 in cholangiocyte. Parasitol. Int., 2010, 59, 616–621. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. O’Connor S.M., Taylor C.E. & Hughes J.M. Emerging infectious determinants of chronic diseases. Emerg. Infect. Dis., 2006, 12, 1051–1057. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Okhuysen P.C. & Chappell C.L. Cryptosporidium virulence determinants-are we there yet? Int. J. Parasitol., 2002, 32, 517–525. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Orem J., Mbidde E.K., Lambert B., De Sanjose S. & Weiderpass E. Burkitt’s lymphoma in Africa, a review of the epidemiology and etiology. Afr. Health Sci., 2007, 7, 166–175. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Osada Y., Kumagai T., Masuda K., Suzuki T. & Kanazawa T. Mutagenicity evaluation of Schistosoma spp. extracts by the umu-test and V79/HGPRT gene mutation assay. Parasitol. Int., 2005, 11, 175–183. [Google Scholar]
  86. Parkin D.M. The global health burden of infection-associated cancers in the year 2002. Int. J. Cancer, 2006, 118, 3030–3044. [Google Scholar]
  87. Pinlaor S., Hiraku Y., Ma N., Yongvanit P., Semba R., Oikawa S., Murata M., Sripa B., Sithithaworn P. & Kawanishi S. Mechanism of NO-mediated oxidative and nitrative DNA damage in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini: a model of inflammation-mediated carcinogenesis. Nitric Oxide, 2004, 11, 175–183. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Pinlaor S., Hiraku Y., Yongvanit P., Tada-Oikawa S., Ma N., Pinlaor P., Sithithaworn P., Sripa B., Murata M., Oikawa S. & Kawanishi S. iNOS-dependent DNA damage via NFkappaB expression in hamsters infected with Opisthorchis viverrini and its suppression by the antihelminthic drug praziquantel. Int. J. Cancer, 2006, 119, 1067–1072. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Plattner F. & Soldati-Favre D. Hijacking of host cellular functions by the Apicomplexa. Annu. Rev. Microbiol., 2008, 62, 471–487. [Google Scholar]
  90. Porta C., Riboldi E. & Sica A. Mechanisms linking pathogens-associated inflammation and cancer. Cancer Lett., 2011, 305, 250–262. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Pozio E. & Morales M.A. The impact of HIV-protease inhibitors on opportunistic parasites. Trends Parasitol., 2005, 21, 58–63. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Preston-Martin S., Pike M.C., Ross R.K., Jones P.A. & Henderson B.E. Increased cell division as a cause of Human cancer. Cancer Res., 1990, 50, 7415–7421. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Raziuddin S., Masihuzzaman M., Shetty S. & Ibrahim A. Tumor necrosis factor alpha production in schistosomiasis with carcinoma of urinary bladder. J. Clin. Immunol., 1993, 13, 23–29. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Rosin M.P., Anwar W.A. & Ward A.J. Inflammation, chromosomal instability, and cancer: the schistosomiasis model. Cancer Res., 1994a, 54, 1929s–1933 s. [Google Scholar]
  95. Rosin M.P., Saad El Din Zaki S., Ward A.J. & Anwar W.A. Involvement of inflammatory reactions and elevated cell proliferation in the development of bladder cancer in schistosomiasis patients. Mutat. Res., 1994b, 305, 283–292. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  96. Salim E., Morimura K., Menesi A., El-Lity M., Fukushima S. & Wanibuchi H. Elevated oxidative stress and DNA damage and repair levels in urinary bladder carcinomas associated with schistosomiasis. Int. J. Cancer, 2008, 123, 601–608. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. Sayed El-Ahl S.A., El-Wakil H.S., Kamel N.M. & Mahmoud M.S. A preliminary study on the relationship between Trichomonas vaginalis and cervical cancer in Egyptian women. J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol., 2002, 32, 167–178. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Schmidt L., Lepers M., Brion M., Abdellatifi M.H., Dei-Cas E., Vernes A. & Fourrier A. Opisthorchiidoses chez les réfugiés de l’Asie du Sud-Est dans le Nord de la France. Med. Mal. Infect., 1982, 12, 442–446. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  99. Schmuckli-Maurer J., Kinnaird J., Pillai S., Hermann P., Mckellar S., Weir W., Dobbelaere D. & Shiels B. Modulation of NF-kappaB activation in Theileria annulata- infected cloned cell lines is associated with detection of parasite-dependent IKK signalosomes and disruption of the actin cytoskeleton. Cell. Microbiol., 2010, 12, 158–173. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Schneider I., Haller D., Kullmann B., Beyer D., Ahmed J.S. & Seitzer U. Identification, molecular characterization and subcellular localization of a Theileria annulata parasite protein secreted into the host cell cytoplasm. Parasitol. Res., 2007, 101, 1471–1482. [Google Scholar]
  101. Semenza J.C. & Nichols G. Cryptosporidiosis surveillance and water-borne outbreaks in Europe. Eurosurveillance, 2007, 12, 120–123. [Google Scholar]
  102. Sithithaworn P. & Haswell-Elkins M. Epidemiology of Opisthorchis viverrini. Acta Trop., 1988, 88, 187–194. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  103. Sripa B., Kaewkes S., Sithithaworn P., Mairiang E., Laha T., Smout M., Pairojkul C., Bhudhisawasdi V., Tesana S., Thinkamrop B., Bethony J.M., Loukas A. & Brindley P.J. Liver fluke induces cholangiocarcinoma. PLoS Med., 2007, 4, e201. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. Sripa B. & Pairojkul C. Cholangiocarcinoma: lessons from Thailand. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol., 2008, 24(3), 349–356. [Google Scholar]
  105. Sripa B., Mairiang E., Thinkhamrop B., Laha T., Kaewkes S., Sithithaworn P., Tessana S., Loukas A., Brindley P.J. & Bethony J.M. Advanced periductal fibrosis from infection with the carcinogenic human liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini correlates with elevated levels of interleukin-6. Hepatology, 2009, 50, 1273–1281. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  106. Srivatanakul P., Sriplung H. & Deerasamee S. Epidemiology of liver cancer: an overview. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev., 2004, 5, 118–125. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  107. Stark J.R., Judson G., Alderete J.F., Mundodi V., Kucknoor A.S., Giovannucci E.L., Platz E.A., Sutcliffe S., Fall K., Kurth T., Ma J., Stampfer M.J. & Mucci L.A. Prospective study of Trichomonas vaginalis infection and prostate cancer incidence and mortality: Physicians’ Health Study. J. Natl. Cancer Inst., 2009, 101, 1368–1369. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  108. Stephens J., Cosyns M., Jones M. & Hayward A. Liver and bile duct pathology following Cryptosporidium parvum infection of immunodeficient mice. Hepatology, 1999, 30, 27–35. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  109. Stojadinovic O., Lee B., Vouthounis C., Vukelic S., Pastar I., Blumenberg M., Brem H. & Tomic-Canic M. Novel genomic effects of glucocorticoids in epidermal keratinocytes: inhibition of apoptosis, interferon-gamma pathway, and wound healing along with promotion of terminal differentiation. J. Biol. Chem., 2007, 282, 4021–4034. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  110. Stransky N., Vallot C., Reyal F., Bernard-Pierrot I., De Medina S.G., Segraves R., De Rycke Y., Elvin P., Cassidy A., Spraggon C., Graham A., Southgate J., Asselain B., Allory Y., Abbou C.C., Albertson D.G., Thiery J.P., Chopin D.K., Pinkel D. & Radvanyi F. Regional copy number-independent deregulation of transcription in cancer. Nat. Genet., 2006, 38, 1386–1396. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  111. Sulzyc-Bielicka V., Kuzna-Grygiel W., Kolodziejczyk L., Bielicki D., Kladny J., Stepien-Korzonek M. & Telatynskasmieszek B. Cryptosporidiosis in patients with colorectal cancer. J. Parasitol., 2007, 93, 722–724. [Google Scholar]
  112. Sunnotel O., Lowery C.J., Moore J.E., Dooley J.S., Xiao L., Millar B.C., Rooney P.J. & Snelling W.J. Cryptosporidium. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 2006, 43, 7–16. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  113. Sutcliffe S., Giovannucci E., Alderete J.F., Chang T.H., Gaydos C.A., Zenilman J.M., De Marzo A.M., Willett W.C. & Platz E.A. Plasma antibodies against Trichomonas vaginalis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev., 2006, 15, 939–945. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  114. Sutcliffe S., Alderete J.F., Till C., Goodman P.J., Hsing A.W., Zenilman J.M., De Marzo A.M. & Platz E.A. Trichomonosis and subsequent risk of prostate cancer in the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Int. J. Cancer, 2009, 124, 2082–2087. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  115. Swellam M., Abd-Elmaksoud N., Halim M.H., Khatab H. & Khiry H. Incidence of Bcl-2 expression in bladder cancer: relation to schistosomiasis. Clin. Biochem., 2004, 37, 798–802. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  116. Thuwajit C., Thuwajit P., Uchida K., Daorueang D., Kaewkes S., Wongkham S. & Miwa M. Gene expression profiling defined pathways correlated with fibroblast cell proliferation induced by Opisthorchis viverrini excretory/secretory product. World J. Gastroenterol., 2006, 12, 3585–3592. [Google Scholar]
  117. Uhl E.W., Jacobson E., Bartick T.E., Micinilio J. & Schimdt R. Aural-pharyngeal polyps associated with Cryptosporidium infection in three iguanas (Iguana iguana). Vet. Pathol., 2001, 38, 239–242. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  118. Valigurova A., Jirku M., Koudela B., Gelnar M., Modry D. & Slapeta J. Cryptosporidia: epicellular parasites embraced by the host cell membrane. Int. J. Parasitol., 2008, 38, 913–922. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  119. Vennervald B.J. & Polman K. Helminths and malignancy. Parasite Immunol., 2009, 31, 686–696. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  120. Vernes A., Abdellatifi M., Dei-Cas E., Poirriez J., Abdelmalek R.Y., Leroux N., Colin J.J., Brion M. & Fourrier A. Parasitoses et hémoglobinopathies chez 1 170 réfugiés du Sud Est asiatique. Nouv. Press. Med., 1982, 11, 2687–2691. [Google Scholar]
  121. Von Schubert C., Xue G., Schmuckli-Maurer J., Woods K.L., Nigg E.A. & Dobbelaere D.A. The transforming parasite Theileria co-opts host cell mitotic and central spindles to persist in continuously dividing cells. PLoS Biol., 2010, 8, e1000499. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  122. Who – World Health Organization. Cancer. Fact Sheet , 2011,(297), http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/ fs297/en/index.html. [Google Scholar]
  123. Xiao L., Fayer R., Ryan U. & Upton S.J. Cryptosporidium taxonomy: recent advances and implications for public health. Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 2004, 17, 72–97. [Google Scholar]
  124. Xiao L. Molecular epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis: an update. Exp. Parasitol., 2010, 124, 80–89. [Google Scholar]
  125. Yap E.H., Ho T.H., Chan Y.C., Thong T.W., Ng G.C., Ho L.C. & Singh M. Serum antibodies to Trichomonas vaginalis in invasive cervical cancer patients. Genitourin. Med., 1995, 71, 402–404. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  126. Yoder J.S. & Beach M.J. Cryptosporidium surveillance and risk factors in the United States. Exp. Parasitol., 2010, 124, 31–39. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  127. Zhang Z.F., Graham S., Yu S.Z., Marshall J., Zielezny M., Chen Y.X., Sun M., Tang S.L., Liao C.S., Xu J.L. & Yang X.Z. Trichomonas vaginalis and cervical cancer. A prospective study in China. Ann. Epidemiol., 1995, 5, 325–332. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  128. Zhang X., Li Q., Hu P., Cheng H. & Huang G. Two case reports of pituitary adenoma associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection. . J. Clin. Pathol., 2002, 55, 965–966. [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  129. Zur Hausen H. The search for infectious causes of human cancers: where and why. Virology, 2010, 392, 1–10. [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.