Open Access
Issue
Parasite
Volume 33, 2026
Article Number 5
Number of page(s) 15
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2026007
Published online 05 February 2026

Supplementary material

thumbnail Supplementary Figure S1:

Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees constructed using sequences from Glossina specimens whose MS spectra were included in the MALDI-TOF MS reference database. (A) Phylogenetic tree based on the COI-1 gene. (B) Phylogenetic tree based on the COI-2 gene. (C) Phylogenetic tree based on the ITS1 gene.

thumbnail Supplementary Figure S2:

Classification of the 48 G. p. palpalis specimens for which discrepant identifications were obtained with MS spectra for at least one body part. The number of MS spectra cross-identified as G. f. quanzensis per body part is represented in the Venn diagram. The groups that were compared are indicated in each circle. The number of MS associated with each category are indicated.

thumbnail Supplementary Figure S3:

Principal component analysis (PCA) based on MS spectra from the legs, wings, and thoraxes of G. p. palpalis (A) and G. f. quanzensis (B), either infected or uninfected with T. congolense. Red dots represent MS spectra from Glossina infected with T. congolense, whereas green dots correspond to uninfected specimens.

Supplementary Table S1: Location and distribution of pyramid traps used for tsetse fly sampling in June–July 2021. Access here

Supplementary Table S2: Primers and probes used for the identification of Glossina species and microorganism detection. Access here

Supplementary Table S3: Top twenty mass peak list per Glossina species using wings, thoraxes, and legs. Access here


© I.B. Bemba et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2026

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