Efficacy of commercially available anthelmintics against both spermic Fasciola gigantica (sFg) and aspermic/parthenogenic Fasciola (asF). The flukes were maintained 1 h in DMEM supplemented with 20% of bovine serum (BS) and 20% of bovine bile (BB) by adding with 200 U/mL penicillin, and 200 mg/mL streptomycin, following the same procedure as mentioned above. Then the selected anthelmintics were added to the culture medium at different concentrations and were incubated further. Untreated Fasciola spp. kept in media containing DMSO served as the control. Scoring was performed at 0, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 h post treatment (p.t) in a blinded manner. (A) Concentration dependent efficacy of oxyclozanide against asF. (B) Concentration dependent efficacy of oxyclozanide against sFg. (C) Concentration dependent efficacy of nitroxynil against asF. (D) Concentration dependent efficacy of Nitroxynil against sFg. (E) Efficacy of triclabendazole and other anthelmintic against both sFg and asF. Each experiment was conducted in triplicates and data were presented as mean ± SE. TCBZ, triclabendazole; OCZ, Oxyclozanide; NTX, Nitroxynil; PZQ, Praziquantel; CRL, Clorsulon; LEV, Levamisole, ABZ, Albendazole. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.