Brachylaima spp. (Trematoda) parasitizing Cornu aspersum (Gastropoda) in France with potential risk of human consumption

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Table 2

Digenean trematode species parasitizing Cornu aspersum as first (Hi1) and/or second (Hi2) intermediate host.

Parasite species	Larval stages in Hi (MH)	Definitive host	Country	References
Plagiorchiida
Dicrocoelium dendriticum (Rudolphi, 1819)	SP/C in Hi1 (DG)	Sheep, goats	Turkey	[23, 26]
Diplostomida
Brachylaima sp. Dujardin, 1843	SP/C in Hi1 (DG)		Turkey	[26]
Brachylaima aspersae Segade et al., 2011	SP/C in Hi1 (DG); MC in Hi2 (K)	Rodents	Spain	[53]
Brachylaima cribbi Butcher & Grove, 2001	MC in Hi2 (K)	Mammals, birds^*, reptiles	Australia	[3, 4]
Brachylaima llobregatensis González-Moreno & Gracenea, 2006	SP/C in Hi1 (DG); MC in Hi2 (K)	Rodents	Algeria, Spain	[15, 16]
Brachylaima mascomai Gracenea & González-Moreno, 2002	MC in Hi2 (K)	Rodents	South Africa, Spain	[15, 18]

Larval stages: SP, sporocysts; C, cercariae; MC, metacercariae. MH, Microhabitat (MH) in parenthesis: DG, digestive gland; K, kidney.

Introduced European Turdus merula and Sturnus vulgaris being the most commonly infected natural definitive hosts.

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