Clinical illness and outcomes in Nigerian children with persistent early-appearing anaemia following initiation of artemisinin-based combination treatments of uncomplicated falciparum malaria

Kazeem Akano; Bayo Fatunmbi; Godwin Ntadom; Adejumoke I. Ayede; Temitope Aderoyeje; Adewale Bakre; Omobolaji T. Alebiosu; Odafe Akpoborie; Chukwuebuka Okafor; Grace O. Gbotosho; Onikepe A. Folarin; Joy C. Ebenebe; Jose Ambe; Robinson Wammanda; Nma Jiya; Finomo Finomo; George Emechebe; Olugbenga Mokuolu; Chimere Agomo; Stephen Oguche; Christian Happi; Akintunde Sowunmi

doi:10.1051/parasite/2019058

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Volume 26 (2019)

Parasite, 26 (2019) 56

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Research Article

Table 4

Features of children who recovered from persistent early-appearing anaemia and who subsequently progressed to late-appearing anaemia.

Patient (gender, age)	Parasitaemia (μL⁻¹)	Pre-treatment HCT (%)	Antimalarial treatment	PRRD2	PCT (days)	Nadir HCT at PEAA (%)^b,c	Anaemia recovery time (day)	Time to LAA (day)^d	Nadir HCT at LAA (%)^b,c	HCT on day 42 (%)	Time between recovery and LAA (day)
AD57 (M, 24m)	53,678	36	DHP	53,678	2	25	33	42	27	27	7
AD67 (F, 38m)	23,670	30	AA	23,670	1	26	13	35	26	30	21
IM/E/47 (F, 59m)	4846	30	AA	4846	2	26	20	35	28	28	14
IM/E/50 (F, 14m)	151,733	30	AA	151,733	2	25	20	42	25	25	21
IM/E/66 (F, 59m)	27,965	30	AL	27,965	1	26	13	21	28	28	7
KN/EN/90 (F, 24m)	30,166	30	DHP	30,166	1	23	13	35	29	38	21
KW10 (F, 42m)	120,050	34	AL	5002	3	23	20	28	29	32	7
SK18 (M, 16m)	4842	33	AL	4842	2	26	13	35	25	26	21
SK31 (F, 27m)	8538	31	AL	94.87	3	20	13	28	20	25	14
SK46 (F, 19m)	2004	31	AA	11.93	3	24	19	28	23	–	7
Mean (95% CI)	19,473 ^a	31.5 (30–33)		5413 ^a	1.8 (1.3–2.5)	24.4 (23–25.8)	16.9 (13.5–21.1)	32.3 (27.7–37.6)	26 (23.9–28)	27.8 (25.6–32)	12 (8.6–18.1)

m, month; AA, artesunate-amodiaquine; AL, artemether-lumefantrine; DHP, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; PCT, parasite clearance time; HCT, haematocrit; CI, confidence interval; PEAA, persistent early-appearing anaemia; LAA, late-appearing anaemia.

^a

Geometric mean.

^b

No significant difference between nadir haematocrit during PEAA and LAA (p = 0.08).

^c

Virtually all patients were asymptomatic during PEAA and LAA.

^d

Time from commencement of treatment to occurrence of LAA.

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