An update on Acanthamoeba keratitis: diagnosis, pathogenesis and treatment

Open Access

Review

Table 1.

Important characteristics for the differential diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) compared to keratitis due to other infectious agents.

Specific characteristics of AK	When compared to
Pseudo-dendritiform epitheliopathy, epithelium defects without terminal knots, perineural infiltrates, [ring infiltrate]^*, endothelium is not involved	Herpes simplex keratitis
Usually restricted to cornea, absence of anterior chamber activity, stromal infiltrates are usually multifocal (not monofocal), [ring infiltrate]^*	Bacterial keratitis
Usually restricted to cornea, clear epithelium defects, perineural stromal infiltrates, [ring infiltrate]^*	Fungal keratitis

The characteristic ring infiltrate is only seen in the advanced stage and even then only in 50% of patients.

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