Open Access
Review
Table 1
Exhaustive list of studies estimating the prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi infection in Tunisia.
| Governorate | Animal species | Technique | Prevalence in % (positive/examined) | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ariana | Cattle | Polymerase chain reaction | 10 ± 0.03 (10/96) | Sallemi et al., 2017 [36] |
| Gabès | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 22.2 ± 0.6 (4/18) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] |
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 28.6 ± 0.3 (14/49) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] | |
| Jendouba (National Park of El Feidja) | Ticks in environment | Polymerase chain reaction | 0.3 ± 0.1 (1/279) | Said et al., 2021 [34] |
| Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (males) | Polymerase chain reaction | 5.8 ± 0.4 (1/18) | Said et al., 2021[34] | |
| Kebili | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 19.62 ± 2.05 (73/372) | Azzabi, 1993 [2] |
| – Indirect immunofluorescence test | 24.46 ± 2.22 (91/372) | |||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 10.33 ± 1.75 (31/300) | Cherfeddine, 1998 [4] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 36.66 ± 5.12 (32/88) | |||
| – Latex agglutination test (Suratex) | 42.66 ± 2.85 (128/300) | |||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | Giemsa-stained blood smear | 22% ± 0.4 (22/100) | Said and Yahia, 2019 [32] | |
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 5.4 ± 2.1% (4/47) | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 5.4 ± 2.1% (4/47) | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 37.5 ± 0.3 (144/384) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] | |
| Medenine | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 4.5 ± 1.1 (4/97) | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 3.9 ± 0.2 (4/103) | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 26.2 ± 0.3 (86/328) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] | |
| Southern Tunisia* | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Indirect immunofluorescence test | 20.6 ± 0.4 (26/126) | Elandalousi et al., 2013 [11] |
| Sousse | Dog | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 1 dog | Rjeibi et al., 2015 [31] |
| – Polymerase chain reaction | ||||
| Tataouine | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 25.4 ± 0.3 (80/315) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] |
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 0 (0/50) | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | – Giemsa-stained blood smears | 0 | Ismail-Hamdi et al., 2022 [18] | |
| – Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | ||||
| Tozeur | Dromedaries (Camelus dromedarius) | Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 36 ± 0.4 (40/111) | Sana et al., 2022 [37] |
| Northern (Ariana, Bizerte, Jendouba, Béja, Kef) and Central (Monastir, Mahdia) Tunisia | Equids (horses, donkeys and mules) | Agglutination test for trypanosomiasis | 2.3 ± 1.6 (2/87) | Joober, 2024 [21] |
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