Table 1
Univariate analysis of imaging features according to the rEm18AB index.
| rEm18AB index ≥ 1 |
rEm18AB index < 1 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 37 | n = 8 | ||
| Characteristics of AE lesions | |||
| Localization | 0.756 | ||
| Right lobe | 23 (62) | 5 (63) | |
| Left lobe | 6 (16) | 2 (25) | |
| Both right and left lobe | 8 (22) | 1 (13) | |
| Maximum size (mm) | 76 [57, 93] | 36 [26, 51] | 0.006 |
| Irregular shapes | 28 (76) | 5 (63) | 0.746 |
| Kodama | 0.004 | ||
| 1 | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | |
| 2 | 10 (30) | 1 (17) | |
| 3 | 22 (67) | 3 (43) | |
| 4 | 0 (0) | 2 (29) | |
| 5 | 0 (0) | 1 (14) | |
| Pedicle involvement | 17 (46) | 1 (13) | 0.176 |
| Convergence biliary involvement | 25 (68) | 2 (25) | 0.045 |
| Hepatic artery involvement | 20 (54) | 2 (25) | 0.004 |
| Portal vein involvement | 0.017 | ||
| None | 1 (3) | 2 (25) | |
| Distal | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Middle | 10 (27) | 4 (50) | |
| Proximal | 26 (70) | 2 (25) | |
| Hepatic vein involvement | 0.001 | ||
| None | 1 (3) | 2 (25) | |
| Distal | 0 (0.0) | 2 (25) | |
| Middle | 19 (51) | 2 (25) | |
| Proximal | 17 (46) | 2 (25) | |
| CT features | |||
| Presence of microcalcification | 36 (97) | 8 (100) | 1 |
| Presence of macrocalcification | 22 (59) | 4 (50) | 0.697 |
| MRI features | |||
| Presence of microcysts | 33 (100) | 5 (71) | 0.028 |
| Microcysts percentage | 7 [3, 8] | 2 [0.5, 3.5] | 0.004 |
| Hyposignal on T2 weighted imaging | 30 (91) | 7 (100) | 0.968 |
| PET-CT imaging | |||
| Positive PET-CT (%) at 1 h | 25 (76) | 2 (25) | 0.014 |
| Positive PET-CT (%) at 3 h | 29 (88) | 4 (50) | 0.036 |
| Maximum AE lesion SUV at 1 h | 5.1 [4.4, 6.2] | 2.6 [2.4, 3.9] | 0.001 |
| Mean liver – SUV at 1 h | 1.70 [1.2, 1.9] | 1.7 [1.1, 1.8] | 0.390 |
| rEm18AB index | 5.9 [3.5, 8.2] | 0.64 [0.51, 0.79] | <0.001 |
AE = alveolar echinococcosis; CT = computed tomography; MRI = magnetic resonance imaging; PET-CT = positron emission tomography-computed tomography; SUV = standardized uptake value.
Non-normal quantitative variables are expressed as median and IQR, and compared using the Mann–Whitney U-test.
Normal quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and compared using the Student test.
Qualitative variables are expressed as numbers (percentages), and compared using χ2 or Fisher exact tests. Numbers in bold are significant P value (i.e. < 0.05).
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