Cryptosporidium spp. in captive snakes from 26 provinces in China: Prevalence, molecular characterization, and symptoms

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Table 2

Associations between Cryptosporidium spp. and occurrence of clinical symptoms in snakes, as indicated by χ² and Odds ratios analysis of data. A potential risk factor for infection was considered when p < 0.05 and OR > 1.

Clinical sign	N						Pathogens
		Cryptosporidium spp.					C. serpentis					C. varanii
		No. Positive (%)	χ²	OR	95% CI	p	No. Positive (%)	χ²	OR	95% CI	p	No. Positive (%)	χ²	OR	95% CI	p
Regurgitation	59	48 (81.35)	5.122	2.618	1.195–5.737	0.016^*	39 (66.10)	25.880	6.630	3.181–13.817	0.000^***	9 (15.25)	8.989	0.273	0.119–0.624	0.003^*
Diarrheic	56	44 (78.57)	2.498	1.989	0.921–4.294	0.080	16 (28.57)	4.288	0.447	0.219–0.909	0.038^*	28 (50.00)	15.859	4.688	2.210–9.945	0.000^***
Gastric bulge	32	11 (34.38)	24.847	0.131	0.055–0.310	0.000^***	4 (12.50)	1.349	0.384	0.105–1.407	0.149	7 (21.88)	0.823	0.590	0.234–1.488	0.364
Total	147	103 (70.0)					59 (40.14)					44 (29.93)

N: number of samples.

^*p < 0.05, ^**p < 0.01, ^***p < 0.001.

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