Increased prevalence of insecticide resistance in Anopheles coluzzii populations in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon and influence on pyrethroid-only treated bed net efficacy

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Table 2

Gene expression analysis of field collected Anopheles coluzzii from Yaoundé compared to the susceptible Ngousso (NG) and Kisumu (KIS) strains.

	Fold changes (95% CI)
	CYP6P3	CYP6M2	CYP9K1	CYP6P4	CYP6Z1	GSTE2	CYP6P1	CYP4G16
vs. KIS	4.22	4.50 ^*	7.30 ^*	3.80 ^*	3.40 ^*	2.55	0.85	1.75
vs. KIS	(2.63–6.96)	(2.93–6.10)	(4.03–19.5)	(2.56–5.09)	(2.36–4.93)	(1.99–3.12)	(0.71–0.97)	(1.20–3.76)
vs. NG	1.18	2.75 ^*	2.8 ^*	2.99 ^*	2.52 ^*	0.71	0.45	1.21
vs. NG	(0.80–1.78)	(1.73–3.75)	(1.76–5.71)	(1.93–4.17)	(1.64–3.42)	(0.56–0.87)	(0.36–0.56)	(0.92–1.55)

Bold letters indicate statistically significant upregulation.

Asterisks indicate consistent upregulation compared to both susceptible strains (p < 0.05).

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