Very low prevalence of Opisthorchis viverrini s.l. cercariae in Bithynia siamensis siamensis snails from the canal network system in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand

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Table 3

Prevalence of other cercarial types detected in Bithynia siamensis siamensis snails in this study.

Cercarial type	Taxon	Prevalence	2nd intermediate host	Definitive host
Parapleurolophocercous	Heterophyidae	0.28% (21/7473)	Freshwater fishes [45]	Avians, mammals [39, 45]
Monostome	Notocotylidae	0.19% (14/7473)	Non-living objects^*, vegetations [39]	Avians, mammals [45]
Cystophorous	Hemiuridae	0.32% (24/7473)	Microcrustaceans [39, 45]	Freshwater fishes, amphibians [39, 45]
Xiphidiocercaria (2 subtypes)	Lecithodendriidae	4.23% (316/7473)	(Aquatic insects and their larvae, crustaceans) [39, 45]	Amphibians, avians, bats [45]
Xiphidiocercaria (2 subtypes)	Plagiorchiidae	4.23% (316/7473)	Tadpoles [39, 45]	All vertebrate classes [39, 45]
Furcocercous (3 subtypes)	Sanguinicolidae	0.63% (47/7473)	Not required [39, 45]	Freshwater fishes [39, 45]
	Strigeidae		Freshwater snails and fishes, frogs, [39, 45]	Avians, mammals [39, 45]
	Cyathocotylidae		Freshwater fishes [45]	Reptiles, avians, mammals [45]
Cercariaeum	Lissorchiidae	3.24% (242/7473)	Freshwater snails [49]	Freshwater fishes [49]

Based on our observations during shedding times. Parentheses refer to the second intermediate host of both taxa.

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