Western blot analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression in Caco-2 cells with or without spores of Kudoa septempunctata. (A) Representative immunoblots of iNOS (∼120 kDa), COX-2 (∼72 kDa), and β-actin (∼45 kDa) expression. (B and C) Bar graphs show a significant increase in iNOS (B) and COX-2 (C) expression in LPS-exposed Caco-2 cells, and no change following exposure to K. septempunctata spores. For normalization, membranes were reprobed with anti-β-actin. Data are presented as mean ± SE of three independent experiments performed in triplicate. *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001 vs. negative control.