Vaccination with recombinant adenovirus expressing multi-stage antigens of Toxoplasma gondii by the mucosal route induces higher systemic cellular and local mucosal immune responses than with other vaccination routes

Open Access

Table 3.

Cytokine production and cell proliferative assay in the splenocyte cultures obtained from immunized mice.

Immunization routes^a	Immunization regimen	Cytokine production (pg/mL)^b			Stimulation index^c
		IL-2	IL-10	IFN-γ
Intramuscular	PBS	78 ± 8.5	51 ± 9.7	103 ± 9.7	0.37
	Ad-UMAS	454.2 ± 15.1	48.7 ± 5.1	1085.6 ± 25.1	1.52
Intravenous	PBS	56 ± 9.3	43 ± 8.1	92 ± 6.4	0.25
	Ad-UMAS	320.5 ± 9.6	55.5 ± 3.6	920.1 ± 19.6	0.94
Subcutaneous	PBS	86 ± 10.4	64 ± 4.6	83 ± 12.7	0.31
	Ad-UMAS	425.4 ± 13.7	54.3 ± 6.7	989.1 ± 43.7	1.04
Intraoral	PBS	74 ± 7.8	57 ± 8.3	86 ± 7.8	0.62
	Ad-UMAS	527.2 ± 8.1^*	58.2 ± 5.1	1204.2 ± 28.1^*	2.13^*
Intranasal	PBS	63 ± 11.7	62 ± 6.7	98 ± 10.5	0.58
	Ad-UMAS	638.7 ± 17.6^**	42.1 ± 2.6	1429.8 ± 37.6^**	2.93^**

Mice were immunized by five immunization routes: intramuscular, intravenous, subcutaneous, intraoral, and intranasal on day 0 and day 21 with different immunization regimens.

The splenocyte culture supernatants taken from mice (n = 3, each group) 2 weeks after the last immunization were examined for cytokine production by ELISA obtained at 24 h for IL-2, at 72 h for IL-10, and 96 h for IFN-γ.

The results of proliferation assays are expressed as the stimulation index, calculated as the ratio between the mean counts per minute (cpm) for triplicate stimulated cultures and the mean counts per min for triplicate unstimulated cultures. Asterisks mark the significant difference:

p < 0.05;

^**

p < 0.01.

Each bar represents the mean OD (± SD).

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.