Map of botanical successions around Perpignan (in: H. Gaussen : Carte de la végétation de la France au 1 / 200 000^e, CNRS). In orange: cork oak. In yellow: holm oak. In green: white oak. In light blue: beech. In dark blue: fir. In purple: Scots pine. In red: mountain pine. In pink: alpine storey. Sampling area, , located in the Mediterranean holm oak and white oak succession. There were patches of cork oak.