| Issue |
Parasite
Volume 33, 2026
|
|
|---|---|---|
| Article Number | 3 | |
| Number of page(s) | 8 | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2026003 | |
| Published online | 23 January 2026 | |
Research Article
Comparative assessment of immunochromatographic test kits using low-molecular-weight antigens from cyst fluids of two different genotypes of Taenia solium for serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis
Évaluation comparative de tests immunochromatographiques utilisant des antigènes de faible poids moléculaire extraits de liquides kystiques de deux génotypes différents de Taenia solium pour le sérodiagnostic de la cysticercose humaine
1
Mekong Health Science Research Institute, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
2 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
3
Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, Thailand
4
Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
5
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
6
Division of Global Environment Parasitology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Medical and Life Sciences, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
7
Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan Institute for Health security, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
8
Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan
9
Sari Mutiara Indonesia University, Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia
10
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
* Corresponding authors: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
(W. Maleewong); This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
(Y. Sako).
Received:
17
July
2024
Accepted:
8
January
2026
Human cysticercosis is a serious zoonosis caused by infection with larvae (cysticerci) of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Infection can involve the nervous system, causing chronic headache and intracranial hypertension, focal neurological deficits, epileptic seizures, and paralysis. The disease is found in developing countries, where porcine cysticercosis is prevalent and undercooked pork is habitually consumed. This study aimed to develop immunochromatography-based test (ICT) kits, using low-molecular-weight antigens purified from cyst fluids of Latin American and Asian genotypes of T. solium. To evaluate the kits, we used 164 serum samples, including 24 from proven/confirmed cysticercosis cases, 110 from cases with other parasitoses, and 30 from healthy individuals. Diagnostic performances were calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 83.3% (95% CI [62.6–95.3]), 93.6% (95% CI [88.1–97.0]), and 92.1% (95% CI [86.8–95.7]), respectively for the American genotype-based ICT kit, while for the Asian genotype-based ICT kit, they were 87.5% (95% CI [67.6–97.3]), 98.6% (95% CI [94.9–99.8]), and 97.0% (95% CI [93.0–99.0]), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity did not significantly differ between the two ICT kits (exact McNemar’s test; p > 0.05), with a concordance of 93.9%, represented by a Cohen’s kappa of 0.77 (p < 0.001), indicating substantial agreement. These results indicate that affinity-purified antigens from different geographical isolates can be used for the diagnosis of human cysticercosis. The diagnostic specificities were better than for a previously reported ICT kit that used crude antigen.
Résumé
La cysticercose humaine est une zoonose grave causée par l’infection par les larves (cysticerques) du ténia du porc, Taenia solium. L’infection peut atteindre le système nerveux et provoquer des céphalées chroniques et une hypertension intracrânienne, des déficits neurologiques focaux, des crises d’épilepsie et une paralysie. Cette maladie est présente dans les pays en développement, où la cysticercose porcine est endémique et où la consommation de porc insuffisamment cuit est courante. Cette étude visait à développer des tests immunochromatographiques (TIC) utilisant des antigènes de faible poids moléculaire purifiés à partir de liquides kystiques de génotypes latino-américain et asiatique de T. solium. Pour évaluer les kits, nous avons utilisé 164 échantillons de sérum, dont 24 provenant de cas de cysticercose confirmés, 110 de cas d’autres parasitoses et 30 de sujets sains. Les performances diagnostiques ont été calculées. La sensibilité, la spécificité et la précision étaient respectivement de 83,3 % (IC à 95 % [62,6-95,3]), 93,6 % (IC à 95 % [88,1-97,0]) et 92,1 % (IC à 95 % [86,8-95,7]) pour le kit TIC basé sur le génotype américain, et de 87,5 % (IC à 95 % [67,6-97,3]), 98,6 % (IC à 95 % [94,9-99,8]) et 97,0 % (IC à 95 % [93,0-99,0]) pour le kit TIC basé sur le génotype asiatique. La sensibilité et la spécificité ne différaient pas significativement entre les deux kits TIC (test exact de McNemar; p > 0,05), avec une concordance de 93,9 %, représentée par un kappa de Cohen de 0,77 (p < 0,001), indiquant un accord substantiel. Ces résultats indiquent que les antigènes purifiés par affinité provenant d’isolats de différentes régions géographiques peuvent être utilisés pour le diagnostic de la cysticercose humaine. Les spécificités diagnostiques étaient supérieures à celles d’un kit TIC précédemment décrit utilisant un antigène brut.
Key words: Taenia solium / Genotypes / Human cysticercosis / Immunochromatographic test / Antibody detection / Diagnostics
Edited by Frédéric Grenouillet
© L. Sadaow et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2026
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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