Issue |
Parasite
Volume 27, 2020
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 68 | |
Number of page(s) | 13 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2020064 | |
Published online | 27 November 2020 |
Research Article
Leishmaniasis and phlebotomine sand flies in Oman Sultanate
Leishmanioses et phlébotomes au Sultanat d’Oman
1
Faculté de Médecine, Université Montpellier 1, 1 rue de l’Éencole de Médecine, 34000 Montpellier, France
2
Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit of Vector-borne Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
3
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, EA7510, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Faculté de Pharmacie, 51 rue Cognacq-Jay, 51096 Reims cedex, France
4
PATH OWH (formerly One World Health), A-9, Qutub Institutional area, USO Road, New Delhi 110067, India
5
ANSES, USC Transmission Vectorielle et Épidémiosurveillance de Maladies Parasitaires (VECPAR), 51100 Reims, France
6
Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Pôle de Biologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, 51100 Reims, France
* Corresponding author: jerome.depaquit@univ-reims.fr
Received:
7
August
2020
Accepted:
3
November
2020
There are few data on leishmaniases and sandflies in Oman Sultanate. We carried out an eco-epidemiological study in 1998 in the two main mountains of the country, the Sharqiyah and the Dhofar. This study allowed us to isolate and identify three Leishmania strains from patients exhibiting cutaneous leishmaniasis. The typing carried out by isoenzymatic study and by molecular biology were congruent: two strains of Leishmania donovani zymodeme (Z) MON-31 isolated in the Sharqiyah and one L. tropica ZROM102 (ZMON-39 variant for 4 isoenzymes) from the Dhofar. No strain was isolated from canids. The study of sandflies identified 14 species distributed in the genera Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia and Grassomyia: Ph. papatasi, Ph. bergeroti, Ph. duboscqi, Ph. alexandri, Ph. saevus, Ph. sergenti, Se. fallax, Se. baghdadis, Se. cincta, Se. christophersi, Se. clydei, Se. tiberiadis, Se. africana, and Gr. dreyfussi. In Sharqiyah, the only candidate for the transmission of L. donovani was Ph. alexandri, but the low densities observed of this species do not argue in favor of any role. In Dhofar, Ph. sergenti is the most important proven vector of L. tropica, but Ph. saevus, a locally much more abundant species, constitutes a good candidate for transmission.
Résumé
Il existe peu de données sur les leishmanioses et les phlébotomes en Oman. Nous y avons mené en 1998 une étude éco-épidémiologique dans les deux principaux massifs montagneux du pays, la Sharqiyah et le Dhofar. Cette étude nous a permis d’isoler et d’identifier trois souches de Leishmania à partir de patients présentant des leishmanioses cutanées. Les typages menés par étude isoenzymatique et par biologie moléculaire ont été congruents : deux souches de Leishmania donovani ZMON-31 isolées dans la Sharqiyah et une de L. tropica ZROM102 (ZMON-39 variant pour 4 isoenzymes) originaire du Dhofar. Aucune souche n’a été isolée à partir de Canidés. L’étude des Phlébotomes a permis d’identifier 14 espèces réparties dans les genres Phlebotomus, Sergentomyia et Grassomyia : Ph. papatasi, Ph. bergeroti, Ph. duboscqi, Ph. alexandri, Ph. saevus, Ph. sergenti, Se. fallax, Se. baghdadis, Se. cincta, Se. christophersi, Se. clydei, Se. tiberiadis, Se. africana et Gr. dreyfussi. Dans la Sharqiyah, la seule espèce candidate à la transmission de L. donovani est Ph. alexandri mais les faibles densités observées de cette espèce ne plaident pas en faveur d’un quelconque rôle. Dans le Dhofar, Ph. sergenti est le principal vecteur prouvé de L. tropica mais Ph. saevus, espèce localement bien plus abondante, constitue une bonne espèce candidate à la transmission.
Key words: Eco-epidemiology / Leishmania isolation and typing / Patients / Phlebotomine sandflies / Oman
in memoriam Prof Rioux passed away at the beginning of 2017 [29]. One month before his death, he met the last author. They analyzed together all the data and started writing this work. Feeling weakened, he asked the last author to finish writing this article in order to publish it in the journal Parasite.
© J. Rioux et al., published by EDP Sciences, 2020
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