Issue |
Parasite
Volume 23, 2016
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 13 | |
Number of page(s) | 5 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2016013 | |
Published online | 16 March 2016 |
Review Article
Giardia duodenalis genetic assemblages and hosts
Assemblages génétiques et hôtes de Giardia duodenalis
1
Research Service (151), Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, University and Woodland Avenues, Philadelphia, PA
19104, USA
2
Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
19104, USA
* Corresponding author: martin.heyworth@va.gov
Received:
17
December
2015
Accepted:
6
March
2016
Techniques for sub-classifying morphologically identical Giardia duodenalis trophozoites have included comparisons of the electrophoretic mobility of enzymes and of chromosomes, and sequencing of genes encoding β-giardin, triose phosphate isomerase, the small subunit of ribosomal RNA and glutamate dehydrogenase. To date, G. duodenalis organisms have been sub-classified into eight genetic assemblages (designated A–H). Genotyping of G. duodenalis organisms isolated from various hosts has shown that assemblages A and B infect the largest range of host species, and appear to be the main (or possibly only) G. duodenalis assemblages that undeniably infect human subjects. In at least some cases of assemblage A or B infection in wild mammals, there is suggestive evidence that the infection had resulted from environmental contamination by G. duodenalis cysts of human origin.
Résumé
Les techniques pour sous-classer morphologiquement des trophozoïtes identiques de Giardia duodenalis ont inclus des comparaisons de la mobilité électrophorétique des enzymes et des chromosomes et le séquençage des gènes codant pour la β-giardine, la triose-phosphate isomérase, la petite sous-unité ribosomique de l’ARN et la glutamate déshydrogénase. À ce jour, G. duodenalis a été sous-classé en 8 assemblages génétiques (désignés par A-H). Le génotypage de G. duodenalis isolés à partir de divers hôtes a montré que les assemblages A et B infectent le grand plus grand nombre d’espèces d’hôtes, et semblent être les assemblages principaux (ou peut-être uniques) qui infectent les sujets humains de manière indéniable. Dans au moins certains cas d’infection chez les mammifères sauvages par les assemblages A ou B, des éléments indiquent que l’infection était due à la contamination de l’environnement par des kystes de G. duodenalis d’origine humaine.
Key words: Assemblage / Genotype / Giardia / Giardia infections / Giardiasis
© M.F. Heyworth, published by EDP Sciences, 2016
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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