Issue |
Parasite
Volume 14, Number 3, September 2007
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 199 - 211 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite2007143199 | |
Published online | 15 September 2007 |
Mémoire
Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from sika deer in Japan; relationships between species parasitic in cervids and bovids in the Holarctic region
Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. (Filarioidea, Nematoda) chez le cerf sika au Japon; relations entre les onchocerques de Cervidae et de Bovidae en région holarctique
1
Department of Medical Zoology, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka 545-8585, Japan
2
Parasitologie comparée et Modèles expérimentaux, USM 307, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
3
Department of Environmental Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan
4
Laboratory Animal Center, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
5
Education Center for Natural Environment, Nara University of Education, Nara, Japan
6
Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, and Division of Epidemiology, Culture, and Communication, Institute of Scientific Research, Oita University, Oita, Japan
7
Department of Infectious Disease Control, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan
* Correspondence: Shigehiko Uni. Tel.: + 81 6 6645 3760 – Fax: + 81 6 6645 3762. E-mail: uni@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
Received:
26
February
2007
Accepted:
18
June
2007
Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. from the sika deer, Cervus nippon, in Japan is described. Adult worms lived in the carpal ligament; infection reached high levels (up to 25 female and 16 male worms in a single carpal limb). Skin dwelling microfilariae were mainly found in the ears. Prevalence of infection was 81 % at the type locality, Mt. Sobo, in Kyushu. The new material was compared to the 31 species of Onchocerca presently known. Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. females were characterized by a long slender anterior end and a thin esophagus ≤ 1 mm long with no or only a slight glandular region. The vulva was located near the level of the mid-esophagus and the cuticle had transverse external ridges and internal striae (two striae between adjoining ridges). The most similar species were O. stilesi (re-examined), O. lienalis, and to a lesser extent O. gutturosa, all from bovids (cattle). Two main lineages of Onchocerca are recognized in cervids with either primitive or with derived characteristics (as exemplified by the new species). The species in both lineages are not restricted to cervids but are also found in bovids in the Holarctic region, suggesting that the species diversified in the two host groups simultaneously, when these host groups lived in the same geographic area.
Résumé
Description d’Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp., parasite de Cervus nippon, au Japon. Les adultes vivent dans le ligament carpal ; l’infection peut être forte (un cas avec 25 femelles et 16 mâles). La localisation principale des microfilaires dermiques est le lobe des oreilles. La prévalence est de 81 % dans la localité-type, Mont Sobo, Kyushu. Le nouveau matériel est comparé aux 31 espèces décrites dans le genre. L’espèce est distincte par plusieurs caractères de la femelle, oesophage fin, ≤ 1 mm de long, avec une partie glandulaire faiblement différenciée ou non distincte, la vulve assez antérieure, la cuticule ornée de côtes et de stries (deux stries par intercôtes). Les espèces les plus proches sont O. stilesi (réétudié ici), O. lienalis et, à un moindre degré, O. gutturosa, toutes parasites de Bovidae (bétail). Deux principales lignées sont reconnues chez les onchocerques de Cervidae, respectivement avec des caractères primitifs ou évolués (cas de la nouvelle espèce). Dans les deux lignées, les représentants ne sont pas restreints aux Cervidae et se trouvent aussi chez des Bovidae, en région holarctique, suggérant qu’ils se sont diversifiés simultanément chez les deux groupes d’hôtes quand ceux-ci étaient dans la même région géographique.
Key words: Filarioid / Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. / Cervus nippon / sika deer / carpal ligament / Japan / Onchocerca stilesi / Bovidae / Holarctic region
Mots clés : Filaire / Onchocerca eberhardi n. sp. / Cervus nippon / cerf sika / ligament carpal / Japon / Onchocerca stilesi / Bovidae / région holarctique
© PRINCEPS Editions, Paris, 2007, transferred to Société Française de Parasitologie
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