Issue |
Parasite
Volume 4, Number 4, December 1997
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 325 - 330 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/1997044325 | |
Published online | 23 September 2014 |
Mémoire
In utero transmission of Pneumocystis carinii sp. f. Oryctolagi
Transmission in utero de Pneumocystis carinii sp. f. Oryctolagi
1
INRA, Centre de Tours, Station de Pathologie Aviaire et de Parasitologie, F 37380 Nouzilly.
2
Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Faculté de Médecine et CHRU, 1 Place Verdun, F 59045 Lille.
3
Département de Microbiologie des Écosystèmes, Institut Pasteur de Lille, F 59019 Lille Cedex.
* Correspondence : Pierre Coudert. Tel.: (33) 2 47 42 77 52 Fax : (33) 2 47 42 77 74..
Received:
22
March
1997
Accepted:
22
July
1997
Although vertical transmission of Pneumocystis in human or animal hosts has often been suspected, no evidence demonstrating this infection route has been furnished until now. This widespread parasite is constantly found in the lungs of rabbits, which spontaneously develop a benign pneumocystosis at weaning. However, the infection source, the method of entry of Pneumocystis organisms into the rabbit and when this mammal is infected, remain to be known. As a few parasites have been microscopically observed and detected by PCR in the lungs of rabbits at birth, in utero Pneumocystis infection has been hypothesized. The presence of Pneumocystis was therefore carefully assessed in 16 pregnant does, their embryos and fetuses by using several detection methods. Pneumocystis was detected by PCR in maternal blood, embryos, amniotic fluid and fetuses. The parasite was also revealed histologically and by immunofluorescence in fetal and maternal lungs and in placentas. The results suggest that vertical transmission of P. carinii sp. f. oryctolagi occurs as early as at the 10th day of pregnancy.
Résumé
Bien que la transmission verticale de Pneumocystis ait été souvent suspectée, cette modalité d'infection n'a jamais été démontrée. Ce parasite ubiquiste est constamment retrouvé dans les poumons des lapins, qui développent spontanément une pneumocystose bénigne au moment du sevrage. Mais les sources, la voie et les mécanismes de l'infection des lapereaux par Pneumocystis ainsi que le moment où la contamination a lieu n'ont pas été déterminés. Comme le parasite a été détecté microscopiquement et par PCR chez des lapereaux à la naissance, l'hypothèse d'une transmission in utero de Pneumocystis a été émise. Le parasite fut alors recherché chez I ó lapines gestantes, leurs embryons et leurs fœtus en associant plusieurs méthodes de détection. Pneumocystis a été détecté par PCR dans le sang maternel et le liquide amniotique, ainsi que dans le placenta et les tissus pulmonaires fœtaux et maternels, en associant des méthodes histologiques, d'immunofluorescence et la PCR. Ces résultats suggèrent que la transmission verticale de P. carinii sp. f. oryctolagi aurait lieu dès le 10e jour de gestation.
Key words: Pneumocystis carinii sp. f. oryctolagi / transplacental transmission / in utero infection / rabbit / Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Mots clés : Pneumocystis carinii sp. f. oryctolagi / transmission transplacentaire / infection congénitale / lapin / pneumonie à Pneumocystis carinii
© PRINCEPS Editions, Paris, 1997, transferred to Société Française de Parasitologie
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