Issue |
Ann. Parasitol. Hum. Comp.
Volume 66, Number 2, 1991
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 84 - 88 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/parasite/199166284 | |
Published online | 17 August 2016 |
Mémoire
Impact de l’utilisation du poisson larvivore Poecilia reticulata sur la transmission du paludisme en RFI des Comores
Epidemiological assessement of the impact of larvivorous fish Poecilia reticulata on malaria transmission in FIR of Comoros
1
Istituto Superiore di Sanità, lab. Parasitologie, viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome. Fax (39)-6-4469823., Italy.
2
Médecin inspecteur de la Santé, France.
3
Ministère de la Santé et de la Population, RFI des Comores.
Accepté : 10 Avril 1991
Des essais en laboratoire et sur le terrain ont été effectués sur l’île de la Grande Comore, RFI des Comores, afin d’évaluer l’efficacité, dans les citernes, du poisson larvivore Poecillia reticulata dans la lutte contre le vecteur du paludisme, Anopheles gambiae s.s. L’essai commencé en novembre 1987, s’est déroulé dans le cadre du programme de lutte contre le paludisme et la filariose qui bénéficiait d’un financement de l’OMS et du PNUD.
L’utilisation de Poecilia reticulata, dans un village-test, a entraîné une importante réduction des populations vectorielles qui pourrait être à l’origine de la baisse des indices de prévalence observée après une année.
La population s’est montrée généralement favorable à la présence des poissons dans les citernes d’eau potable. Toutefois, pour obtenir une collaboration efficace, une sensibilisation constante a été nécessaire.
Abstract
Field tests were conducted in the Grande Comore Island, Federal Islamic Republic of Comoros, in order to evaluate the potential of the larvivorous fish Poecilia reticulata for the control of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae s.s. Due to the high permeability of soil, Anopheles breeding sites in all island occurs only in the man-made water reservoirs.
The study was carried out from November 1987 to November 1988 within a framework of a malaria and filariasis control programme, supported by WHO and UNDP in collaboration with the Government of the FIR of Comoros.
All larval breeding places of An. gambiae existing in the village of Hantsambou were recorded (59 ablutions basins and 61 cisterns) and provided initially with 3-5 specimens of P. reticulata/m3 in November 1987, after the importation of the larvivorous species from Mayotte Island.
The percentage of breeding places positive for An. gambiae decreased from 41 % to 6 % after one year. Pyrethrum spray catch showed a reduction of indoor resting density from 5.5 to 0.3, while the ma value, number of Anopheles bites/man/night, obtained by night-biting catches, decreased from 6.3 to 1.2.
At the same time of the reduction of entomological indices parasite index for P. falciparum and spleen rate drop steadely in 5-9 years school children.
The tested vector control method, well accepted by the community, could be implemented in malaria control through primary health care, being the ecological conditions in the entire island very peculiar.
Mots clés : Moustiques / Paludisme / Contrôle biologique des vecteurs / Poissons larvivores / Comores
Key words: Mosquitoes / Malaria / Biological control of vectors / Larvivorous fishes / Comoros
© Masson, Paris 1991, transferred to Société Française de Parasitologie
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