Table 3
Laboratory characteristics and treatment of the case and control populations after matching according to sex, age and type of care.
| Cases: patients with D. fragilis | Controls: patients without D. fragilis | p-value (1) | Patients with high load of D. fragilis (Ct < 28) | p-value (2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n | 36 | 72 | 20 | ||
| Blood parameters, med IQR [25%; 75%] | |||||
| Red blood cells (T/L) | 4.5 [4.2; 4.9] | 4.5 [3.9; 5.0] | 0.42b | 4.6 [4.5; 5.3] | 0.12b |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.4 [12.3; 14.6] | 12.6 [11.5; 14.2] | 0.20b | 14.1 [13.4; 14.9] | 0.01 b |
| Total leucocytes (G/L) | 7.4 [5.9; 10.6] | 7.5 [5.2; 9.77] | 0.36b | 6.7 [5.9; 9.0] | 0.92b |
| Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (G/L) | 3.5 [2.6; 5.8] | 4.8 [3.1; 5.9] | 0.52b | 3.2 [2.6; 4.3] | 0.13b |
| Polymorphonuclear eosinophils (G/L) | 0.3 [0.1; 1.2] | 0.1 [0.1; 0.4] | 0.16b | 0.35 [0.1; 1.2] | 0.05 b |
| Polymorphonuclear basophils (G/L) | 0.00 [0.00; 0.1] | 0.00 [0.00; 0.1] | 0.94b | 0.05 [0.00; 0.1] | 0.63b |
| Lymphocytes (G/L) | 2.2 [1.4; 3.0] | 2.1 [1.2; 2.8] | 0.59b | 1.9 [1.5; 2.9] | 0.87b |
| Mononuclear leucocytes (G/L) | 0.6 [0.5; 0.7] | 0.5 [0.4; 0.8] | 0.84b | 0.5 [0.4; 0.6] | 0.43b |
| Blood platelets (G/L) | 220 [170; 288] | 262 [194; 347] | 0.17b | 206 [163; 278] | 0.11b |
| C-reactive protein (mg/L) | 0.6 [0.6; 8.6] | 3 [0.7; 36.5] | 0.10b | 0.6 [0.6; 2.6] | 0.02 b |
| Concomitant infections, n (%) | |||||
| Other protozoa in the stools | 8 (22.2%) | 4 (5.6%) | <0.01 a | 4 (20.0%) | 0.07c |
| Blastocystis sp. | 7 (20.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | <0.001 a | 3 (15.0%) | 0.03 c |
| Helminths | 5 (14.3%) | 9 (12.5%) | 0.80a | 3 (15.0%) | 0.72c |
| Enterobius vermicularis | 1 (2.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.15a | 1 (5.0%) | 0.22c |
| Viral co-infections | 3 (8.6%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.85a | 2 (10.0%) | 1.00c |
| Bacterial co-infections | 6 (17.7%) | 14 (19.4%) | 0.83a | 4 (20.0%) | 1.00c |
| Treatments before D. fragilis PCR, n (%) | |||||
| Imidazoles | 2 (6.1%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.42a | 1 (5.3%) | 0.51c |
| Other anti-parasitic drugsd | 1 (3.0%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.95a | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00c |
| Treatments after D. fragilis PCR, n (%) | |||||
| Imidazoles | 9 (27.3%) | 8 (11.3%) | 0.04 a | 3 (15.8%) | 0.69c |
| Other anti-parasitic drugsd | 11 (33.3%) | 20 (28.2%) | 0.59a | 9 (47.4%) | 0.11a |
| Antibiotics | 4 (12.9%) | 14 (19.7%) | 0.41a | 0 (0.0%) | 0.06c |
| Anti-spasmodic drugs | 3 (9.4%) | 6 (8.5%) | 0.88a | 2 (11.1%) | 0.66c |
| Anti-diarrhoeal drugs | 1 (3.1%) | 2 (2.8%) | 0.93a | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00c |
aCalculated by Chi-Square test; bCalculated by Mann–Whitney Rank Sum test; cCalculated by Fisher’s Exact test; dIncluding flubendazole, albendazole, ivermectin, praziquantel, niclosamide.
(1): statistical analysis between cases and controls.
(2): statistical analysis between patients with high load and controls.
med IQR [25%; 75%]: median interquartile range [25%; 75%].
D. fragilis: Dientamoeba fragilis.
Bold indicates a p-value < 0.05.
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