Table 2
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of the case and control populations after matching according to sex, age and type of care.
| Cases: patients with D. fragilis | Controls: patients without D. fragilis | p-value (1) | Patients with high load of D. fragilis (Ct < 28) | p-value (2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total, n | 36 | 72 | 20 | ||
| Male/female patients, n | (21/15) | (42/30) | 1.00a | (12/8) | 0.89a |
| Age, years, med IQR [25%; 75%] | 30.4 [14.8; 58.2] | 29.1 [16.8; 59.1] | 0.90b | 45.1 [14.9; 58.2] | 0.90b |
| Medical care, n (%) | |||||
| Consultation | 14 (38.9%) | 28 (38.9%) | 1.00a | 9 (45.0%) | 0.62a |
| Hospitalisation | 22 (61.1%) | 44 (61.1%) | 11 (55.0%) | ||
| Residence, n (%) | |||||
| Town | 31 (86.1%) | 62 (86.1%) | 1.00a | 17 (85.0%) | 1.00a |
| Rural | 5 (13.9%) | 10 (13.9%) | 3 (15.0%) | ||
| Travel in the previous 2 years, n (%) | |||||
| Outside metropolitan France | 7 (22.6%) | 18 (25.0%) | 0.79a | 4 (25.0%) | 1.00c |
| Outside Europe | 7 (22.6%) | 13 (18.1%) | 0.59a | 4 (25.0%) | 0.50c |
| Migrant, n (%) | 3 (8.3%) | 9 (12.5%) | 0.52a | 3 (15.0%) | 0.72c |
| Immunosuppression | 5 (13. 9%) | 20 (27.8%) | 0.16a | 2 (10.0%) | 0.34c |
| Cancer | 1 (2.8%) | 8 (11.1%) | 0.14a | 1 (5.0%) | 0.68c |
| Graft or transplantation | 2 (5.6%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.46a | 1 (5.0%) | 0.68c |
| HIV | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0.48a | 0 (0.0%) | 1.00c |
| Systemic disease | 2 (5.6%) | 4 (5.6%) | 1.00a | 1 (5.0%) | 1.00c |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 3 (8.3%) | 8 (11.1%) | 0.65a | 2 (10.0%) | 1.00c |
| Cardiovascular risks | 5 (13.9%) | 6 (8.3%) | 0.37a | 3 (15.0%) | 0.40c |
| Other risk factorsd | 3 (8.3%) | 7 (9.7%) | 0.81a | 3 (15.0%) | 0.45c |
| Digestive symptoms, n (%) | |||||
| At least 1 digestive symptom | 18 (50%) | 48 (66.7%) | 0.09a | 10 (50.0%) | 0.17a |
| Diarrhoea | 8 (22.2%) | 26 (36.1%) | 0.14a | 4 (20.0%) | 0.17a |
| Abdominal pain | 14 (38.9%) | 26 (36.1%) | 0.78a | 8 (40.0%) | 0.75a |
| Constipation | 2 (5.6%) | 8 (11.1%) | 0.35a | 1 (5.0%) | 0.68a |
| Nausea/vomiting | 6 (16.7%) | 7 (9.9%) | 0.31a | 4 (20.0%) | 0.25c |
| General signs, n (%) | |||||
| At least 1 general symptom | 8 (22.9%) | 24 (33.8%) | 0.25a | 4 (20.0%) | 0.24a |
| Anorexia | 2 (5.6%) | 5 (6.9%) | 0.78a | 1 (5.0%) | 1.00c |
| Weight loss | 3 (8.6%) | 10 (14.1%) | 0.42a | 2 (10.0%) | 1.00a |
| Fever | 4 (11.1%) | 18 (25%) | 0.09a | 2 (10.0%) | 0.22c |
| Asthenia | 5 (14.3%) | 10 (14.1%) | 0.98a | 2 (10.0%) | 1.00c |
aCalculated by Chi-Square test; bCalculated by Mann–Whitney Rank Sum test; cCalculated by Fisher’s Exact test; dIncluding cirrhosis, liver fibrosis, renal failure, heart failure.
(1): statistical analysis between cases and controls.
(2): statistical analysis between patients with high load and controls.
med IQR [25%; 75%]: median interquartile range [25%; 75%].
D. fragilis: Dientamoeba fragilis.
Bold indicates a p-value < 0.05.
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