Three new species of Creptotrema (Trematoda, Allocreadiidae) with an amended diagnosis of the genus and reassignment of Auriculostoma (Allocreadiidae), based on morphological and molecular evidence

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Table 5

Morphological differences among valid species of Creptotrema (Trematoda, Allocreadiidae).

Valid species	Body shape	Oral lobes	Relative sucker size	Testes shape	Testes position	Vitelline follicles	Cirrus-sac posterior extent	Genital pore position	Uterus extent/Eggs
Creptotrema creptotrema	Round to elongated	Ventral, horseshoe-shaped, not extending to dorsal region	Oral smaller than ventral	Oval to elongated; entire margins	Symmetrical to oblique; intracecal (rarely one extracecal)	Extracecal, cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields	Exceeds slightly the length of the ventral sucker	At level of ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, inter-cecal/Eggs between testis and genital pore, but may exceed the testicular region
Creptotrema macrorchis comb. n.	Lanceolated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Nearly equal	Irregular; slightly lobed margins	Tandem	Extracecal in the pretesticular region; scarcely confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Posterior to ceca bifurcation; preacetabular	Pretesticular, inter-cecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema platense comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Nearly equal	Oval; entire margins	Oblique	Extracecal in the pretesticular region; not confluent in post-testicular region	Not reaching beyond the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	Between the anterior margin of the ventral sucker and ceca bifurcation	Intertesticular, intercecal/Few eggs at the testicular level
Creptotrema stenopteri comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Irregular; slightly lobed margins	Tandem	Extracecal in the pretesticular region; not confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Anterior to the ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema lynchi	Oval to elongated	Dorsolateral	Oral smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Symmetrical to slightly oblique; intracecal	Extracecal, cecal and few intercecal follicles; separated into two lateral fields	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	At level of ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, intercecal or may extend extracecal/Eggs between genital pore and testes region
Creptotrema paraense	Elongated	Ventrolateral	Oral larger than ventral	Subspherical; entire margins	Tandem; intracecal	Irregular, Cecal and intracecal, separated into two lateral fields, partially confluent in cecal bifurcation region and confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	Anterior to ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema pati	Oval	Dorsolateral	Nearly equal	Elongated; entire margins	Symmetrical to oblique; extracecal	Mostly extracecal; few cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	Posterior to the ceca bifurcation; preacetabular	Inter-testicular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and may exceeds testes
Creptotrema astyanace comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly large than ventral	Oval; entire margins	Tandem	Extra- and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Posterior to the ceca bifurcation; preacetabular	Pretesticular/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema lamothei	Elongated	Ventral	Nearly equal	Irregular (lobate margin in larger individuals)	Oblique	Mostly extracecal; few cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Reaches the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	At level of ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema sucumbiosa	Elongated	Ventral	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Oblique	Mostly extracecal; few cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	At level of ceca bifurcation	Intertesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and testes
Creptotrema diagonale comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Oblique (contiguous or not)	Surround ceca, separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular	Exceeds the ovarian level	At level of ceca bifurcation	Intercecal, between ventral sucker and testes/Eggs intruding into testicular level
Creptotrema foliaceum comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral larger than ventral	Irregular margins	Tandem	Extra, cecal and intracecal; separated into two-fields region, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Slightly posterior to the ceca bifurcation level	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema totonacapanense comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Oval; entire margins	Oblique	Extra and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, not (or scarcely) confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	At level of ceca bifurcation	Intertesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior testes
Creptotrema lobata comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Deeply lobed	Tandem	Extra, cecal, and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the ovarian level	Slightly posterior to the ceca bifurcation level	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema tica comb. n.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral slightly larger than ventral	Oval; entire margins	Oblique	Extra and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Anterior to the ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and posterior border of anterior testis
Creptotrema guacurarii comb. n.	Elongated	Discrete, on both sides, not extent to dorsal region	Oral slightly smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Oblique	Extra and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, not confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	At level of ceca bifurcation	Pre- and inter-testicular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and mid-level of testes
Creptotrema conconae n. sp.	Elongated	Stretching from the ventrolateral to the dorsolateral side	Oral larger than ventral	Round; entire margins	Tandem	Extracecal; cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker, reaches the ovarian level	Slightly posterior to the intestinal ceca bifurcation	Pretesticular, intercecal/Eggs between genital pore and anterior to testes
Creptotrema schubarti n. sp.	Oval to elongated	Ventral (Discrete ventrolateral)	Oral smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Symmetrical to oblique	Extra, cecal and intracecal; separated into two lateral fields, not (or scarcely) confluent in post-testicular region	Exceeds the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	At level of ceca bifurcation	Intertesticular, inter-extracecal/Eggs between genital pore and may exceed the testicular region
Creptotrema megacetabularis n. sp.	Oval to elongated	Ventral, horseshoe-shaped, not extending to dorsal region	Oral smaller than ventral	Elongated; entire margins	Symmetrical	Mostly extracecal and cecal; separated into two lateral fields, not (or scarcely) confluent in post-testicular region	May exceed the posterior margin of the ventral sucker	At level of ceca bifurcation	Intertesticular, intracecal/Eggs between genital pore and rarely exceed the testicular region

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