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Table 1
Response rate per variable, percentage of dog serum samples positive for antibodies against Neospora caninum (prevalence) by variable category, age-adjusted odds-ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval, and p-values (based on likelihood ratio tests) for those variables in the bivariable logistic regression analysis.
| Variable | Prevalence (%) | OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age | >0.20 | ||
| <3 years | 16.4 | Reference | |
| >3 years | 20.1 | 1.37 (1.00-1.89) | |
| Missing | 19.8 | 1.22 (0.74-1.98) | |
| Sex | >0.20 | ||
| Male | 18.6 | Reference | |
| Female | 32.2 | 2.64 (0.86–8.12) | |
| Missing | 21.3 | 1.24 (0.91–1.70) | |
| Former stray | <0.20 | ||
| No | 10.7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 35.4 | 4.45 (1.75–11.3) | |
| Missing | 19.9 | 2.07 (1.12–3.83) | |
| Dogs living on cattle farms | <0.20 | ||
| No | 14.1 | Reference | |
| Yes | 27.9 | 1.90 (1.07–3.37) | |
| Missing | 17.5 | 1.18 (0.28–5.03) | |
| Dogs in the household | <0.20 | ||
| No | 25.9 | Reference | |
| 1 or 2 | 13.8 | 0.77 (0.34–1.71) | |
| 3 or more | 9.2 | 0.32 (0.17–0.63) | |
| Missing | 19.1 | 0.89 (0.39–2.01) | |
| Raw meat | <0.20 | ||
| No | 10.2 | Reference | |
| Yes | 21.6 | 2.54 (0.73-8.86) | |
| Missing | 20.5 | 2.36 (0.48-11.5) | |
| Dogs around the house | |||
| No | 17.4 | Reference | >0.20 |
| Yes | 39.3 | 2.89 (1.98–4.21) | |
| Missing | 22.8 | 1.44 (0.80–2.60) | |
| Breed | <0.20 | ||
| Pure breed | 18.7 | Reference | |
| Mixed breed | 37.2 | 2.58 (1.24–5.37) | |
| Missing | 19.5 | 1.01 (0.45–2.28) | |
| Outdoor access | <0.20 | ||
| No | 9.7 | Reference | |
| Yes | 22.8 | 1.10 (0.48–2.52) | |
| Missing | 10.4 | 0.91 (0.57–1.45) | |
| Hours outside per day | <0.20 | ||
| Not outside | 10.2 | Reference | |
| <1 h | 16.7 | 1.47 (0.40–5.35) | |
| 1–5 h | 22.3 | 2.29 (0.77–6.83) | |
| >5 h | 35.1 | 4.54 (2.73–7.56) | |
| Missing | 23.6 | 2.66 (1.13–6.30) | |
| Hunting | <0.20 | ||
| No | 17.3 | Reference | |
| Yes | 35.2 | 2.58 (1.24–5.37) | |
| Missing | 18.8 | 1.15 (0.52–2.57) | |
| Neutered | >0.20 | ||
| No | 10.8 | Reference | |
| Yes | 30.5 | 3.72 (1.57–8.79) | |
| Missing | 24.9 | 2.93 (1.40–6.14) | |
| Vaccinated | >0.20 | ||
| No | 21.1 | Reference | |
| Yes | 19.3 | 0.82 (0.35–1.97) | |
| Missing | 20.4 | 0.95 (0.57–1.61) | |
| Contact with young dogs | <0.20 | ||
| No | 17.6 | Reference | |
| Yes | 24.8 | 1.63 (0.95–2.79) | |
| Missing | 24.5 | 1.49 (0.93–2.37) | |
| Use of litter tray | <0.20 | ||
| No | 25.3 | Reference | |
| Yes | 16.5 | 0.46 (0.19–1.15) | |
| Missing | 19.3 | 0.54 (0.37–0.78) |
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