Sand fly life cycle: a. Life stages of Lu. diabolica showing relative sizes (Not drawn to scale. Artwork by M. Duncan and H. Muñoz); b. Eggs – arrow points to “burster spot”; c. 1^st instar larva – arrow points to two caudal setae; d. 2^nd instar larva – arrow points to 4 caudal setae; e. 3^rd instar larva; f. 4^th instar larva – arrow points to dorsal anal plate; g. Pupa – arrow points to 4^th instar exuvium at the caudal end of the puparium (Photos not to scale; Photos by E. Rowton and T. Rowland).