Open Access
Table 2.
Ecological characteristics of parasitoids in Phauda flammans larvae.
| Parasitized host stage | Parasitoid emerged stage | Parasitized host ecdysis | Food consumption of parasitized host | Solitary (S) or gregarious (G) | Idiobiont (I) or koinobiont (K) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hymenoptera Ichneumonidae | ||||||
| Gotra octocinctus | Larva | Adult | Yes | Yes | S | K |
| Braconidae | ||||||
| Apanteles sp. | Larva | Larva | Yes | Yes | G | K |
| Eurytomidae | ||||||
| Eurytoma verticillata | Larva | Larva | Yes | Yes | G | K |
| Diptera | ||||||
| Tachinidae | ||||||
| Exorista yunnanica | Larva | Larva | Yes | Yes | G | K |
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